{
  "abstract": "Background Tobacco endgame strategies aim to reduce smoking prevalence to minimal levels (<5%) through measures that expand traditional tobacco control approaches. Although some countries have set endgame targets, most still report prevalence rates >15%, and practical guidance on how to assess readiness for endgame implementation remains limited. This study aims to synthetise the key determinants of jurisdictions’ readiness for tobacco endgame and proposes a self-assessment tool to evaluate it.Methods A narrative review of peer-reviewed and grey literature published between January 2010 and September 2025 was conducted. Publications were identified through targeted searches of academic databases and relevant organisational websites. A thematic synthesis of evidence on political, social and structural determinants of readiness was undertaken to identify recurring domains, which were later used to inform the development of a self-assessment tool.Results Nine readiness domains were identified: relatively low smoking prevalence; advanced implementation of WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control measures; robust enforcement infrastructure; social denormalisation of smoking; broad public understanding and support for ending tobacco use; a positive political climate and strong political will and leadership; a cohesive tobacco control community and civil society; minimal tobacco industry interference with strong protective mechanisms; and sufficient resources to implement tobacco endgame action plan. These domains guided the development of an evidence-informed self-assessment tool to help jurisdictions evaluate readiness, identify gaps and prioritise strategic actions.Conclusion The Assessment of Readiness for Tobacco Endgame tool offers an evidence-informed framework to assess tobacco endgame readiness, helping jurisdictions assess capacities, identify gaps and guide strategic decision-making.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK",
        "Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "Ariadna Feliu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain",
        "Tobacco Control Unit, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Control, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain",
        "Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Mèdica de Bellvitge–IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain",
        "Department of Public Health, Maternal Health and Mental Health, School of Nursing, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain",
        "Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Cristina Martinez"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"
      ],
      "name": "Constantine Vardavas"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain",
        "Tobacco Control Unit, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Control, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain",
        "Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Mèdica de Bellvitge–IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain",
        "School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain",
        "Secretariat of Public Health, Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "Esteve Fernández"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Filippos T Filippidis"
    }
  ],
  "title": "From vision to action: a framework to assess readiness for the tobacco endgame",
  "uid": "eba22d05-32af-5e33-bf58-aff2cf55e9a6"
}