{
  "abstract": "Introduction Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) are early imaging markers of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary fibrosis. Occupational exposures to fumes and dusts are widespread and may especially impact individuals with familial susceptibility. We aimed to investigate the associations between occupational inhaled exposures and the risk of ILAs in individuals with potential familial susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis.Methods We analysed data from 266 relatives of patients with familial or sporadic pulmonary fibrosis, enrolled in two cohorts: the Clinical Genetics and Screening for Pulmonary Fibrosis (n=184) and the Genetics of Pulmonary Fibrosis Study (n=82). Occupational exposures were determined through standardised questionnaires and categorised as vehicle fumes, non-vehicle fumes, mineral dusts, organic dusts, any fumes, any dusts or any dusts or fumes. Risk of ILAs was evaluated using modified Poisson models adjusted for age, sex and smoking status.Results The mean age of participants was 59.7 years and 23.7% had ILAs. Any occupational inhalational exposure was more common among participants with ILAs (27.0% for any fume) than among those without ILAs (16.7% for any fume). Exposure to any fumes, encompassing both vehicle and non-vehicle fumes, was associated with increased risk of ILAs (risk ratio (RR): 1.59, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.49). Similar positive but non-significant associations were observed for other exposures, including organic dusts, vehicle fumes, non-vehicle fumes and composite exposure.Discussion Occupational inhaled fume exposure is associated with higher risk of ILAs in individuals with potential familial susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis. This highlights the potential value of considering occupational exposures in screening at-risk populations.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Climate, Health, and the Global Environment, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA",
        "Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Wenli Ni"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA"
      ],
      "name": "David A Schwartz"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Andrew J Synn"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "M Laura Fernandez-Wever"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Esteban J Kosak Lopez"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Andrea G Galecio Chao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Alan Waich"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Swati Gulati"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Rachel Putman"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA"
      ],
      "name": "David A Lynch"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Channing Division of Network Medicine and the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA",
        "Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Benjamin Raby"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Ivan O Rosas"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Gary M Hunninghake"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Mark P Steele"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Climate, Health, and the Global Environment, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA",
        "Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Mary B Rice"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Occupational inhaled exposures and risk of interstitial lung abnormalities in individuals with potential familial susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis",
  "uid": "6fc103e1-3fb7-5f9e-a467-8e7c241832b0"
}