{
  "abstract": "Introduction Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose CT offers a teachable moment for smoking cessation (SC), but the optimal way to implement SC within LCS is unclear. The Yorkshire Enhanced Stop Smoking (YESS) study assessed the efficacy of a personalised stop-smoking intervention delivered alongside LCS.Methods Opt-out, co-located SC support, comprising nicotine replacement therapy/e-cigarettes/pharmacotherapy and behavioural support, was offered to all individuals who currently smoked attending for LCS. Four weeks later, participants were offered recruitment to a randomised controlled trial of continued standard best practice (SBP) versus a personalised SC support package, including a booklet containing CT images of participants’ own heart and lungs, annotated where appropriate to highlight emphysema or coronary artery calcification and scripted communication delivered by a smoking cessation practitioner.Results 1003 people were recruited; 52.5% were allocated to the intervention group. Validated 7-day point prevalent (PP) abstinence rates were 33.6% and 30.0% in the intervention versus SBP groups, respectively (OR 1.17, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.54) at 3 months and 29.2% versus 28.6% (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.36) at 12 months post-screening. Subgroup analyses indicated a significant increase in 7-day PP abstinence at 3 months with the intervention in women (33.9% intervention, 23.1% SBP, OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.53) but not in men (33.3% intervention, 37.8% SBP, OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.19).Conclusion Around one-third of study participants were abstinent from smoking at 3 months post-screening irrespective of study arm, but adding the personalised intervention did not increase quit rates. Further research is needed exploring possible sex differences in efficacy of personalised SC support. The high overall quit rate reinforces the value of SC support delivered alongside LCS.Trial registration number ISRCRN 63825779 and NCT03750110.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Rachael L Murray"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust—City Campus, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "David Baldwin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Kate Brain"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "John Britton"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Christos V Chalitsios"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Philip A Crosbie"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Sarah Lewis"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK",
        "Wales Cancer Research Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Grace McCutchan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Parrott Steve"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Samantha Quaife"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Rebecca Thorley"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Qi Wu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Radiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Alexandra Ashurst"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Rebecca J Beeken"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Harriet Copeland"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Rhian Gabe"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Neil Hancock"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Catriona S Marshall"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Richard D Neal"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Lucy R Porter"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Research and Innovation, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Suzanne Rogerson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK",
        "PRIME Centre Wales, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Harriet Dorothy Quinn-Scoggins"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Irene Simmonds"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Patient Representative, Leeds, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Andy Sloss"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Matthew E J Callister"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Randomised trial of delivering co-located, personalised stop-smoking support within lung cancer screening: the YESS study",
  "uid": "54a86ec3-d2a3-5e10-81a7-aa254b6539f5"
}