{
  "abstract": "Individuals born extremely preterm (EP-born) must complete lung development outside the uterus, affecting the maturation and growth of airways and alveoli. They often show signs of both obstructive lung disease1 and altered lung growth;2 therefore, the interpretation of their pulmonary function tests is not a straightforward task. Possible consequences include impaired growth of airways relative to alveoli (known as dysanaptic growth),3 4 anatomically smaller lungs, and larger lung volumes caused by air trapping and hyperinflation.1 2 5 There is a considerable heterogeneity in long-term lung function among EP-born individuals, and many have values in the lower normal spectrum.1 The nature of the observed lung function abnormalities remains poorly understood, and it is unclear whether they reflect an ongoing active disease or static structural sequelae. The lung disease may stem from arrested pulmonary development, the consequences of received lifesaving neonatal treatments or an adverse intrauterine environment that contributed to the premature birth.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway",
        "Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Tonje Bårdsen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway",
        "Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Maria Vollsæter"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Understanding lung disease following extremely preterm birth",
  "uid": "c5054f9b-b2fe-529f-bc34-a576683ce66f"
}