{
  "abstract": "Introduction Paternal prepubertal passive smoke exposure may increase the risk of childhood asthma. However, its association with impaired lung function trajectories at risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in offspring was not investigated. We assessed the association between paternal prepubertal passive smoke exposure and lung function from childhood to middle age in their offspring.Methods Data were analysed from 890 father-offspring pairs from the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study. The offspring were probands in the original cohort who underwent spirometry at six time points from ages 7 to 53 years. Lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC) trajectories were previously derived using group-based trajectory modelling. Fathers reported their own passive smoke exposure before age 15 years. Multinomial logistic regressions assessed associations between paternal prepubertal passive smoke exposure and lung function trajectories in offspring. Potential mediations and interactions were assessed for active paternal smoking, offspring passive smoke exposure and respiratory illnesses during childhood, and subsequent active smoking.Results Paternal prepubertal passive smoke exposure was associated with the below average FEV 1 (adjusted multinomial OR (aMOR) 1.56; 95% CI 1.05 to 2.31) and early low-rapid decline FEV1/FVC trajectories (aMOR 2.30; 95% CI 1.07 to 4.94) in offspring. The association with the below average FEV1 trajectory was augmented for offspring exposed to childhood passive smoke (aMOR 2.36; 95% CI 1.34 to 4.13; p-interaction=0.053). Observed associations partly mediated through smoking and respiratory illnesses in fathers and offspring (each contributing <15%).Conclusions Paternal prepubertal passive smoke exposure was associated with impaired lung function trajectories in offspring, which highlights the adverse impact of smoking on multiple generations.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Jiacheng Liu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Institute for Breathing and Sleep (IBAS) and Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine (DRSM), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Jennifer L Perret"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Caroline J Lodge"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Don Vicendese"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka"
      ],
      "name": "Gayan Bowatte"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Adrian J Lowe"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Nur Sabrina Idrose"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia",
        "Respiratory Medicine, Repatriation General Hospital, Daw Park, South Australia, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Peter Frith"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Richard Wood-Baker"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Australian Women and Girls’ Health Research Centre, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Gita D Mishra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK",
        "NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Center, University Hospitals Southampton, Southampton, UK"
      ],
      "name": "John W Holloway"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway",
        "Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Cecilie Svanes"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Michael J Abramson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Eugene Haydn Walters"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Shyamali C Dharmage"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Dinh S Bui"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Paternal prepubertal passive smoke exposure is related to impaired lung function trajectories from childhood to middle age in their offspring",
  "uid": "26f6df41-4e6d-56ad-9519-2c4f951bd9fe"
}