{
  "abstract": "Objectives The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society-Spondyloarthritis and Peripheral Arthritis Disease Activity Instrument Selection and Evaluation (ASAS-SPARADISE) project aims to identify instruments to assess disease activity due to peripheral arthritis in axial (axSpA) and peripheral spondyloarthritis (pSpA). We aimed to summarise and compare the measurement properties of instruments used for this purpose as part of the ASAS-SPARADISE.Methods A systematic literature review (Medline/EMBASE/Cochrane; until February 2025) was conducted following the Population-Instrument-Measurement framework. Eligible studies included adults with axSpA or pSpA and peripheral arthritis. Instruments retained from a previous review, after domain-match and feasibility assessment, included: Patient Global Assessment (PGA), swollen joint count (66/44), tender joint count (68/44), C reactive protein (CRP), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) and Disease Activity Score using 44 joints. Measurement properties evaluated were construct validity (correlation hypotheses; known-groups discrimination) and discrimination (test-retest reliability, responsiveness; clinical trial discrimination; thresholds of meaning). Risk of bias was assessed using the Outcome Measures on Rheumatology (OMERACT) Good Methods Checklist and evidence was synthesised following OMERACT rules (GREEN—good; AMBER—adequate; RED—poor performance).Results Of 4,364 records screened, eight studies were eligible. Evidence in axSpA was limited to PGA, CRP and BASDAI, rating mostly AMBER for construct validity, longitudinal construct validity and discrimination in clinical trials. In pSpA, composite instruments showed better results, with BASDAI, ASDAS and DAPSA rating mostly GREEN. No study provided test-retest reliability or thresholds of meaning.Conclusions Evidence supporting instruments to assess peripheral arthritis in spondyloarthritis remains scarce, especially in axSpA. Composite instruments in pSpA performed better, but evidence gaps persist, highlighting the need for validated, domain-specific instruments.PROSPERO registration number CRD420251177596.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands",
        "Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel"
      ],
      "name": "Dafne Capelusnik"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Rheumatology, University of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "Clementina López-Medina"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands",
        "Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Casper Weber"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy"
      ],
      "name": "Augusta Ortolan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Health Economics and Decision Science, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Louise Falzon"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Désirée van der Heijde"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands",
        "Department of Rheumatology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Robert Landewé"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Rheumatology, Providence Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA",
        "University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Philip Mease"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "INSERM, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France",
        "Rheumatology Department, Hospital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, Paris, France"
      ],
      "name": "Anna Molto"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands",
        "Department of Rheumatology, Zuyderland Medical Centre Heerlen, Heerlen, The Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Sofia Ramiro"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Measurement properties of instruments assessing peripheral arthritis disease activity in spondyloarthritis: a systematic literature review",
  "uid": "13e36a9e-ca13-5689-b49f-cc72581bc41f"
}