{
  "abstract": "Objectives Pulmonary abnormalities, such as interstitial lung disease, have been relatively well studied in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, it remains unclear whether the risk of bronchiectasis and its associated disease burden are increased in SLE.Methods Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service dataset, we conducted a population-based matched cohort study involving adults aged ≥20 years diagnosed with SLE (SLE cohort) between 2002 and 2012 and a 1:4 age, sex and health insurance service-matched cohort (matched controls). Beginning 1 year after enrolment, participants were followed until the date of a bronchiectasis diagnosis, death or 31 December 2019, whichever came first.Results During a median follow-up of 12.8 years (IQR 10.0–16.0 years), the incidence rate of bronchiectasis was higher in the SLE cohort than in the matched controls (374.8 vs 236.2/100 000 person-years, p<0.001). The SLE cohort showed a 1.46-fold (95% CI 1.22 to 1.76) increased risk of developing bronchiectasis compared with the matched cohort. Within the SLE cohort, age older than 40 years (highest adjusted HR (aHR) in those ≥70 years 25.08, 95% CI 7.62 to 82.53) and asthma (aHR 1.73, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.70) were associated with an increased risk of bronchiectasis. In contrast, obesity was inversely associated with the risk of bronchiectasis (aHR 0.56, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.82). Individuals with SLE who developed bronchiectasis had significantly higher rates of mortality, emergency department visits and hospitalisations than those who did not develop bronchiectasis.Conclusions The risk of bronchiectasis was higher in individuals with SLE than in controls, and its development was associated with a worse disease course, higher mortality during follow-up and increased healthcare utilisation.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si, The Republic of Korea"
      ],
      "name": "Geonhui Min"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of internal medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si, The Republic of Korea"
      ],
      "name": "Dong Eun Kye"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, The Republic of Korea"
      ],
      "name": "Heajung Lee"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, The Republic of Korea"
      ],
      "name": "Yeonghee Eun"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, The Republic of Korea"
      ],
      "name": "Hyung Koo Kang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, The Republic of Korea"
      ],
      "name": "Hayoung Choi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, The Republic of Korea"
      ],
      "name": "Bumhee Yang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, The Republic of Korea"
      ],
      "name": "Hyun Lee"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Incidence and disease burden of bronchiectasis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a nationwide population-based study in Korea",
  "uid": "e22f3414-95ce-5ece-8e32-94f0142b0b3a"
}