{
  "abstract": "Language barriers between healthcare professionals and their patients remain a persistent challenge. Patients with limited proficiency in the primary language of the country where they receive care face higher risks of adverse events, misdiagnosis and unplanned readmissions.1 2 In linguistically diverse countries, services often fall short of meeting the needs of patients who speak minority languages. This leads to inequities in care across inpatient, outpatient and emergency settings. While concern for language discordance in healthcare is by no means a novel development, guidelines have rarely progressed beyond recommending implementation of professional interpreter services.3 In-person interpretation is generally considered the gold standard for addressing language barriers during direct care delivery4 5 and is in line with regulatory and ethical standards.6 Other modalities of interpretation, including telephone and video, are alternative options, although the feasibility of providing timely written translations through these channels is often limited. In practice and especially in acute settings such as emergency departments (EDs), clinicians rely much more on opportunistic approaches, including ad hoc interpreting and translating from family members, self-identified bilingual staff or even a patient’s children.7 8",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "NIHR North West London Patient Safety Research Collaboration, Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Ricky Odedra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Ruud Gerard Nijman"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "NIHR North West London Patient Safety Research Collaboration, Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine, London, UK",
        "Better Health & Care Hub, King’s College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Phoebe Averill"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, iCARE Secure Data Environment & Digital Collaboration Space, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Erik Mayer"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Translation without substitution: the need for responsible AI integration in patient instructions",
  "uid": "d110c599-f5a6-5ebc-9e9c-f6f41c232832"
}