{
  "abstract": "Objective To examine the association between night-shift work and perturbations in blood metabolomics.Methods The EPHOR study recruited night-shift and day shift workers mainly from healthcare across The Netherlands (n=98), Spain (n=386), Sweden (n=170), and Denmark (n=196). Blood metabolites were analyzed using the Nightingale Health platform. Linear mixed models, with a random intercept for study center, were used to explore associations between metabolite levels and night-shift work. Principal Component Analysis was conducted within metabolite classes (lipids, amino acids, fatty acids, key energy-related metabolites) to derive metabolic groups. Similar mixed models were used to examine the association between extracted individual scores from each component and night-shift. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders including age, sex, origin, marital status, education, occupation, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, BMI, and chronotype. The False Discovery Rate was applied to account for multiple testing.Results Compared to day workers, night-shift workers showed higher saturated fatty acid% (β = 0.50, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.77) and lower linoleic acid% (β = -0.63, CI -1.07 to -0.19), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)% (β = -0.109, CI -0.19 to -0.03), and total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)% (β = -0.60, CI -1.06 to -0.14). Scores from a ‘key energy-related metabolites’ component (characterized by high loadings from acetoacetate and acetone) were elevated among night-shift workers (β = 0.36, CI 0.14 to 0.58). In contrast, scores from a fatty acid profile (with high loadings from unsaturation index, PUFA/MUFA, DHA) (β = -0.33, CI -0.57 to -0.08) and an amino acid profile (with high loadings from histidine and glycine) (β = -0.14, CI -0.28 to -0.00) were lower among night-shift workers.Conclusion Night-shift work was associated with higher levels of saturated fats and ketone bodies, and lower polyunsaturated fats and specific amino acids. These findings may reflect physiological stress differences between night- and day-shift workers.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Antonio D’Errico"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Tara van der Grinten"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Barbara N Harding"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Karin Broberg"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Caisa Laurell"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Anne Helene Garde"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Kirsten Nabe-Nielsen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Maria Albin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Manolis Kogevinas"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Roel Vermeulen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Susan Peters"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Jelle Vlaanderen"
    }
  ],
  "title": "8283649 Impact of night-shift work on blood metabolomics in the EPHOR night-shift work study",
  "uid": "d55c2f9c-69ef-5ce2-acd3-a40e0a4cf146"
}