{
  "abstract": "Objective This study aims to investigate the impact of occupational heavy physical workload on life-course labor market participation expressed by working life expectancy and working years lost among men and women in Sweden.Material and Methods Data from the SWIP (Swedish Work, Illness, and labor market Participation) cohort of the registered Swedish population in 2005 born from 1945 to 1975 were utilized (circa three million individuals). The multi-state Estimated Labor Market Affiliation (ELMA) method was used to estimate working life expectancy and working years lost due to unemployment, sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diagnoses, sickness absence due to other causes, other time outside of work, disability pension, early old-age pension, and death over a 15-year period (2006-2020), while adjusting for confounders. Physical workload was assessed through a job exposure matrix (JEM).Results We found that men and women with low occupational physical workload have a longer working life expectancy (26.86 years for men and 25.77 years for women at age 30) compared to those in medium (24.29 years for men and 22.65 years for women at age 30) or high levels (24.50 years for men and 22.54 years for women at age 30) of physical workload. Those in high physical workload jobs lost more working time to musculoskeletal-related sickness absence, sickness absence due to other causes, unemployment, and death, while those in medium physical workload jobs lost more time due to disability pension and early old age pension.Conclusion That those in low physical workload jobs could expect a longer working life while those with medium and high levels of physical workload could expect a similar length of working life indicates that any elevated level of physical workload can reduce labor market participation.Funding The Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare supported this research (Forte 2021-01548 and 2023-01561).",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institution of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet. Solnavägen 4, 11365 Stockholm, Sweden. Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm. Solnavägen 4, 11,365 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University. Albanovägen 12, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden. National Research Center for Work Environment. Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Melody Almroth"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institution of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet. Solnavägen 4, 11365 Stockholm, Sweden. Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm. Solnavägen 4, 11,365 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University. Albanovägen 12, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden. National Research Center for Work Environment. Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Daniel Falkstedt"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institution of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet. Solnavägen 4, 11365 Stockholm, Sweden. Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm. Solnavägen 4, 11,365 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University. Albanovägen 12, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden. National Research Center for Work Environment. Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Kuan-Yu Pan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institution of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet. Solnavägen 4, 11365 Stockholm, Sweden. Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm. Solnavägen 4, 11,365 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University. Albanovägen 12, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden. National Research Center for Work Environment. Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Katarina Kjellberg"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institution of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet. Solnavägen 4, 11365 Stockholm, Sweden. Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm. Solnavägen 4, 11,365 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University. Albanovägen 12, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden. National Research Center for Work Environment. Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Tomas Hemmingsson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institution of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet. Solnavägen 4, 11365 Stockholm, Sweden. Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm. Solnavägen 4, 11,365 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University. Albanovägen 12, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden. National Research Center for Work Environment. Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Jacob Pedersen"
    }
  ],
  "title": "8266958 Physical workload and working life expectancy and working years lost in Sweden",
  "uid": "3fcc4a69-26d5-5fe7-a6c7-a4c6650fd1c1"
}