{
  "abstract": "Pediatric arteriovenous fistulas (PAVFs) are rare, representing only 7.3–17.2% of all pediatric shunts.1 2 In a number of cases they can lead to life-threatening venous hypertension, hydrocephalus and macrocrania,3 heart failure,1 hemorrhagic stroke,4 5 seizures,3 and cognitive developmental issues.1–3 In selected circumstances, early and aggressive treatment is recommended.We present two cases of single-connection, high-flow PAVFs. Case 1 represents a mid-basilar PAVF treated through a transarterial approach, while case 2 represents a quadrigeminal cistern PAVF treated with several transarterial sessions followed by a final transvenous session. The procedures are shown in video 1. Video 1 Clinical cases demonstrating endovascular treatment of pediatric pial arteriovenous fistulas. media110.1136/jnis-2024-021955.video016358412804112jnis2024021955media1",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Matias Luis Costa"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Bryce Garrison Dennis"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Karen Chen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Peter Kan"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Management of pediatric pial arteriovenous fistulas with a single connection: two illustrative cases",
  "uid": "d7d69682-17dd-5655-80ba-2ae170c85e0b"
}