{
  "abstract": "Hitoshi Arima’s article on double-effect sedation (DES) presents a strong challenge to moral assumptions in end-of-life medical care. 1 He argues that in many cases, physicians administering drugs such as midazolam or morphine foresee, rely on and often intend the reduction of consciousness as a necessary part of achieving comfort for the patient. This challenges the moral applicability of the Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE), which traditionally permits harmful outcomes only when they are an unintended side effect of a morally permissible action. If, as Arima argues, unconsciousness is often an intended means to an end, then the ethical status of such interventions must be reassessed.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Harvard Medical School Center for Bioethics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA",
        "Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, MA, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Hana Abbasian"
    }
  ],
  "title": "An Islamic reflection on double-effect sedation, intention and consciousness",
  "uid": "ef22161e-e598-553d-8955-caddac1f7d7a"
}