{
  "abstract": "Objectives Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) still lacks highly specific biomarkers; high-throughput metabolomics offers a route to elucidate disease defining metabolic perturbations. This review aims to identify consistent metabolite signatures associated with SLE and to clarify how aberrant metabolism contributes to SLE pathogenesis, ultimately guiding the development of improved biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.<IMAGE ABSTRACT&gt Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched through November 2024 for human observational studies comparing the metabolomic profiles of adult SLE patients with those of healthy controls. We included studies which they had employed high-throughput metabolomics techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), or a combination of these.Random-effects meta-analyses used the ratio of means (RoM); heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. The literature risk of bias in case-control and cohort studies was evaluated by two researchers using the nine-point Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) scale in three dimensions.Results Forty six studies comprising 2,238 SLE patients and 1,761 healthy controls n 3,999 were included. Ten metabolites, each reported in more than two of the five eligible studies, were quantitatively synthesized. Compared with controls, isoleucine (RoM = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.72–0.74, I 2 = 0%), leucine (RoM = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.80–0.81, I2 = 0%), and tryptophan (RoM = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.64–0.84, I2 = 75%) were significantly lower in SLE, whereas methionine was significantly higher (RoM = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.26–1.88, I2 = 88%). Lipid remodeling included elevated oleic acid (RoM = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.19–1.69, I2 = 0%) and reduced capric acid (RoM = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.67–0.95, I2 = 31%). Qualitative synthesis revealed consistent reduction of tricarboxylic acid intermediates, accumulation of acylcarnitines, and an oxidized lipid signature (e.g., 9 hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, leukotriene B4), implying mitochondrial stress and redox imbalance.Conclusions Metabolomic profiling identifies a reproducible SLE signature: relative to controls, branched chain (isoleucine, leucine) and aromatic (tryptophan) amino acids are lower, methionine is higher, and lipid profiles show higher oleic and lower capric acids, patterns consistent with impaired mitochondrial energetics and altered one-carbon flux.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico"
      ],
      "name": "Claudia Mendoza Pinto"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico"
      ],
      "name": "Pamela Munguía Realpozo"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico"
      ],
      "name": "Ivet Etchegaray Morales"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico"
      ],
      "name": "Susana Barrera Hernández"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico"
      ],
      "name": "Laura Serrano Vertiz"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico"
      ],
      "name": "Jorge Ayón Aguilar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "PO:02:045 Metabolomics in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis",
  "uid": "8faf6132-7e30-59d6-803f-430b6242316b"
}