{
  "abstract": "Objectives To quantitatively compare virtual patient (VP) design elements that support clinical reasoning (CR) training for medical students between an AI-enhanced social robotic VP platform and a conventional computer-based VP platform in rheumatology.Methods We conducted a randomised cross-over trial involving 178 sixth-semester medical students at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden during clinical rotations in rheumatology. Students experienced a social robotic VP platform with an integrated large language model to support dialogue (SARI) and a conventional computer-based VP platform (VIC) during CR training sessions. VP design was evaluated using a validated questionnaire. Student preferences for CR training were assessed using categorical responses and a visual analogue scale.Results SARI demonstrated significant superiority over VIC across multiple domains of VP design. Students rated SARI higher for authenticity of patient encounters (median [IQR]: 4.0 [3.5–4.5] versus 3.0 [2.5–3.5]; p<0.001), professional approach during consultation (median [IQR]: 4.5 [4.0–4.8] versus 4.0 [3.5–4.5]; p<0.001), coaching during consultation (median [IQR]: 4.3 [4.0–4.7] versus 4.0 [3.7–4.7]; p<0.001), and learning effect of consultation (median [IQR]: 4.4 [4.0–5.0] versus 4.0 [3.5–4.5]; p<0.001), all on scales from 1 to 5. Students overwhelmingly preferred SARI over VIC for CR training (72% versus 14%; OR: 27.1; 95% CI: 14.3–53.7; p<0.001). These preferences were consistent across sexes but did not reach statistical significance among students with prior VP experience or those first introduced to VIC, although a numerical preference for SARI was observed in all subgroups.Abstract PO:12:327 Figure 1Conclusions AI-enhanced social robotic VPs provide superior design characteristics for CR training for medical students compared to conventional computer-based platforms. These results corroborate prior research supporting the integration of AI with social robotics as a promising approach for VP simulations aimed at preparing medical students for real clinical encounters in rheumatology.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, and Cent, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Alexander Borg"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, and Cent, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Jonathan Schiött"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, and Cent, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Cidem Gentline"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospita, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Viking Huss"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, and Cent, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Anna Hugelius"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, and Cent, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Benjamin Jobs"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, and Cent, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Fabricio Espinosa"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Mini Ruiz"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Education, Culture and Communication, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden",
        "Unit of Teaching and Learning, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden",
        "School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Samuel Edelbring"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Carina Georg"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Speech Music and Hearing, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Gabriel Skantze"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, and Cent, Stockholm, Sweden",
        "Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Ioannis Parodis"
    }
  ],
  "title": "PO:12:327 AI-enhanced social robotic versus computer-based virtual patients: a quantitative comparison of self-perceived clinical reasoning in undergraduate medical education",
  "uid": "5228ce0c-b7fb-5be9-8b68-51778ee94587"
}