{
  "abstract": "The need to understand how we deliver optimal care in an extreme cold weather (ECW) environment is now an operational priority.1 Alongside a requirement to better understand how to mitigate against the effects of ECW, we must also review how we deliver effective care with any mitigations in place. The processes and procedures for caring for patients within the chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, explosive, environmental, endemic and trauma environment (CBRNE3T) are well understood and widely accepted as the standard among North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries.2 This ‘all-hazards’ approach may lend itself well to ECW, considering the healthcare needs of the patient and the hazards of the environment.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Academic Department of Military Emergency Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK",
        "British Antarctic Survey Medical Unit, Plymouth, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Jonathon Lowe"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "British Antarctic Survey Medical Unit, Plymouth, UK",
        "Emergency Department, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK"
      ],
      "name": "M Warner"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute of Naval Medicine, Gosport, Hampshire, UK"
      ],
      "name": "K Heil"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Emergency Department, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK",
        "Royal Air Force Medical Service, High Wycombe, UK"
      ],
      "name": "S Todd"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Expanding the all-hazards approach to include extreme cold weather: optimising emergency medical care",
  "uid": "5f6c0dad-b8f8-500a-b16b-365201a112ff"
}