{
  "abstract": "Objectives This study aimed to estimate the incidence of cystobiliary communication (CBC) and identify clinical, biochemical and radiological predictors in patients with hydatid liver cysts at a tertiary care centre.Design and setting A prospective observational study was conducted at Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, from April 2023 to April 2024.Participants The study included 64 patients diagnosed with hepatic hydatid cysts and scheduled for surgical intervention.Outcome measures Detailed clinical histories, biochemical markers (total leucocyte count (TLC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)) and imaging findings (ultrasonography and CT) were recorded preoperatively. CBC presence was confirmed intraoperatively, and postoperative outcomes were monitored. Data were analysed using Epi-Info software, with associations assessed using χ² tests (p<0.05).Results CBC was identified in 26.6% of participants. Significant predictors included raised TLC (p<0.001, OR=20.00), elevated ALP (p<0.001), GGT (p<0.001), cyst size >10 cm (p=0.008), segment 5 liver involvement (p=0.008, OR=5.78) and bile duct dilatation >6 mm (p<0.001). Demographic analysis revealed farming as the predominant occupation (67.2%) and a significant association with CBC (p=0.001). Most participants (87.5%) were female, though gender showed no significant correlation. Radiological findings indicated right lobe predominance (76.7%) but without significant CBC association. Non-significant variables included locularity, cyst wall thickness and jaundice.Conclusions The study identified key risk factors for CBC in hepatic hydatid cyst disease, emphasising the importance of integrated biochemical and radiological assessments for early detection and targeted interventions. These findings underscore the need for proactive management strategies, especially for high-risk patients in endemic regions. Future multicentre studies are recommended to validate these results and improve diagnostic and therapeutic protocols.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Indira Gandhi Medical College Cancer Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India"
      ],
      "name": "Kapil Dev Negi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Indira Gandhi Medical College Cancer Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India"
      ],
      "name": "Harish Dogra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Indira Gandhi Medical College Cancer Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India"
      ],
      "name": "Satish kumar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Incidence of cystobiliary communication in hydatid cyst of liver and its association with biochemical markers and radiological findings",
  "uid": "1b8eef72-3291-52de-87f4-6288367391c6"
}