{
  "abstract": "Background Over their life-course women have more total adiposity than men. The development of adiposity in different body sites has been little studied in childhood and is of interest given that these differences may underlie sex differences in metabolic risks. Our previous work on ethnic differences within the Born in Bradford cohort suggested sex differences in subscapular, triceps and thigh skinfolds, representing measures that cover peripheral and truncal adiposity and may have different metabolic impacts.Methods Skinfold measurements from the subscapular, triceps and thigh were collected at 6–41 months from Boys (N= 630) and Girls (N = 658) of White British (White) and British Pakistani (Pakistani) ethnicity from a subset of the Born in Bradford study multi-ethnic cohort based. Linear spline models of skinfold growth were developed, and results indicated best fitting knot placements were at 13 and 21 months for subscapular skinfolds, 11 and 23 months for triceps skinfolds, and 13 and 16 months for thigh skinfolds. Separate trajectories were created for each sex group and models were adjusted for potential confounders including birthweight, ethnicity, length of gestation and gestational diabetes.Results At six months boys had higher mean skinfold values than girls for all skinfolds, although the confidence intervals for these mean differences included zero. From 6 months onwards however, boys had lower mean values than girls. These differences were lowest for subscapular skinfolds with a mean difference of -0.9 mm (95% C.I. -0.14, -0.05) between 21 and 41 months. Highest mean differences were observed for thigh measurements between 13 and 16 months when the values for boys were -1.14 mm (95% C.I. -1.70, -0.58). No differences between boys and girls beyond six months contained the null estimate in the confidence intervals providing strong evidence of these sex differences.Conclusion Our findings indicate that sex-based differences in adiposity begin in very early life, with differences observed from onwards of 6 months of age. Our findings also suggest that these differences are larger in in the peripheral rather than the truncal body fat sites. Our findings require replication in larger cohorts and longer term exploration to examine the associations of these sex differences in peripheral and truncal body fat sites with adult health outcomes.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Emily Petherick"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Raj Bhopal"
    }
  ],
  "title": "P26 Sex differences in adiposity development up to three years of age in the born in Bradford study",
  "uid": "1baea567-5853-5275-8564-3728acc8554c"
}