{
  "abstract": "Introduction Sepsis is a major cause of acute cardiovascular failure and subsequent cardiac arrest. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has shown potential in mitigating injuries triggered by remote ischemic stimuli. This study investigated sex-specific effects of sepsis and RIPC on the cardiovascular manifestations of sepsis in rats.Methodology Thirty-two adult Wistar rats (11–12 weeks old, 220–200 g), equally divided by sex (16 males and 16 females), were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 8 per group): sham, cecal ligation and perforation (CLP), RIPC, and combined CLP + RIPC. Sepsis was induced by CLP, while RIPC consisted of three cycles of 5-minute lower-limb ischemia. Global myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury was induced via 30 minutes of ischemia followed by 30 minutes of reperfusion. Left ventricular (LV) contractility and coronary hemodynamics were assessed using a data acquisition system, and infarct size was quantified by TTC staining.Results Baseline LV and coronary vascular parameters during atrial pacing were comparable across all groups. Following I/R, sham hearts exhibited significant deterioration (P < 0.05) in LV and coronary vascular dynamics relative to baseline and the ischemic period. In contrast, CLP, RIPC, and CLP + RIPC significantly improved LV dysfunction in both male and female rats compared with their respective sham controls (P < 0.01). Similarly, all three interventions markedly reduced infarct size (P < 0.001) in both sexes.Conclusions RIPC, alone or combined with CLP, protected the heart against I/R injury. Notably, CLP alone also conferred significant cardioprotection. While RIPC provided greater protection than CLP, combining the two strategies did not yield additional benefits. No sex-related differences were observed in the severity of I/R-induced cardiac dysfunction or in the degree of cardioprotection elicited by RIPC or CLP.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait"
      ],
      "name": "Fawzi Babiker"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait"
      ],
      "name": "Aishah Al-Rarallah"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait"
      ],
      "name": "Elmas Mahmoud"
    }
  ],
  "title": "13 Remote ischemic preconditioning mitigates ischemia–reperfusion injury in septic and non-septic rat hearts",
  "uid": "d805e63b-3446-56a8-a174-3885140a91b5"
}