{
  "abstract": "Introduction Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe, resulting in significant global health and socioeconomic burden. Accordingly, evaluating the temporal trends in the mortality of IHD across the United Kingdom (UK) is of paramount significance to enable risk stratification and implementation of effective measures aimed at tackling the associated burden.Methods Data from the Global Burden of Disease database was retrieved to evaluate the temporal trends in the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of IHD across the UK, and the 4 nations (England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland) over the period 1990–2019. The Annual Percent Change (APC) and the Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) were calculated using Joinpoint analysis software.Results An estimated total of 3,661,041 IHD-related deaths with a 54% male predominance were reported in the UK over the period 1990–2019. A statistically significant decline in the ASMR was observed across the UK with an AAPC of -4.30 (95%CI 4.35 to -4.24, p<0.001). Stratification on a national level revealed similar trend where a statistically significant decline in the ASMR was noted across the 4 nations with Northern Ireland experiencing the most prominent decline (AAPC -5.12, 95%CI -5.22 to -5.01, p<0.001), followed by England (AAPC -4.31, 95%CI -4.36 to -4.25, p<0.001), Scotland (AAPC -4.27, 95%CI -4.35 to -4.18, p<0.001), and Wales (AAPC -4.02, 95%CI -4.07 to -3.95, p<0.001). Across England, a statistically significant decline in the ASMR was observed across all regions, with Greater London encountering the most prominent decline (AAPC -4.58, 95%CI -4.66 to -4.47, p<0.001), followed by South East England (AAPC -4.50, 95%CI -4.55 to -4.44, p<0.001), and North East England (AAPC -4.44, 95%CI -4.52 to -4.35, p<0.001). The lowest decrease in the ASMR was noted in the Yorkshire and the Humber (AAPC -4.01, 95%CI -4.08 to -3.94, p<0.001).Conclusion Over the past 3 decades, IHD in the UK encountered a statistically significant decline in the age-standardized mortality rate across all of the 4 nations and across the different regions of England. Further studies evaluating these findings with other nations is warranted to outline the factors leading to this marked reduction IHD-related mortality.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Ahmed A Abdulelah"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Zaid A Abdulelah"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Malek Hassan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Abdali Hospital, Amman, Jordan"
      ],
      "name": "Abdulrahman Al-Bazaz"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Majd Albarjak"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"
      ],
      "name": "Kais Albalbissi"
    }
  ],
  "title": "2-001 Temporal trends in the mortality of ischaemic heart disease in the United Kingdom over the past 3 decades",
  "uid": "76ccdaa5-f4ba-5834-9ded-7ee626669ee2"
}