{
  "abstract": "Introduction Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to chronic systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction. While advancements in treatment have improved IBD management, its impact on cardiovascular mortality remains unclear. This study aims to analyze trends in IBD- and CVD-related mortality in the U.S. from 1999 to 2023, identifying high-risk populations based on age, sex, race, and geography.Methods We used the CDC- WONDER database to extract death certificate data for adults aged ≥ 25 years from 1999 to 2023. Crude mortality rates (CMRs) and age- adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons were calculated, and temporal trends were described by calculating annual percent change (APC) and the average APC (AAPC) in the rates using Joinpoint regression analysis.Results Between 1999 and 2023, a total of 41,635 deaths were identified related to IBD and CVD among adults aged 25 years and older. The overall AAMR remained relatively stable from 1999 to 2018 before increasing sharply from 0.67 in 2018 to 1.03 in 2021 [APC: 15.63* (95% CI: 11.66, 17.91), p=0.0004], after which it plateaued through 2023. Males consistently exhibited higher AAMRs than females throughout the study period (Males: 1.10 vs. Females: 0.90 in 2023). When stratified by race, the highest AAMR was observed in NH White populations, followed by NH Black or African American individuals (1.21 vs. 0.64 in 2023). Regionally, the highest mortality was observed in the West, followed by the Midwest, the Northeast, and lastly, the South (AAMR of 1.02, 1.08, 0.87, and 0.97, respectively, in 2023). Rural areas (0.74) exhibited consistently higher AAMRs than urban areas (0.69) from 1999 to 2020. Mortality rates increased with age, with the highest burden observed in individuals aged 85 years and older.Conclusion IBD- and CVD-related mortality has risen in the U.S., with the highest burden among males, NH White individuals, and older adults. Targeted interventions and enhanced cardiovascular screening are needed to reduce mortality in high-risk populations.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, UAE"
      ],
      "name": "Ahmed Mismar"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Consultant Gastroenterologist, Johns Hopkins Healthcare Aramco, Eastern Province. Saudi Arabia"
      ],
      "name": "Syed Anjum Gardezi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medicine, South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Nakul Sachdeva"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara Medical College (JSSMC), Mysore, India"
      ],
      "name": "Insiya Mohammed Rampurawala"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Cardiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Akalanka Ranasinghe"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Diabetes And Endocrinology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Umair Shehzad"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Ali Hasan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Muzammil Farhan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Kieran Gill"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Azeem Hassan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan"
      ],
      "name": "Eeshal Zulfiqar"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan"
      ],
      "name": "Mushood Ahmed"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK",
        "Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Raheel Ahmed"
    }
  ],
  "title": "7-029 Trends and disparities in inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular disease-related mortality in the United States from 1999–2023: a CDC wonder analysis",
  "uid": "3ca331e9-92fe-50be-83c6-aedafd9ca821"
}