{
  "abstract": "We read with great interest the review by Damianos et al.1 The authors provide a comprehensive synthesis of epithelial barrier (EpB) dysfunction in coeliac disease (CeD), highlighting tight junction alterations, zonulin signalling, immune activation and therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring barrier integrity. However, we believe that this framework remains incomplete because it focuses predominantly on the EpB with limited attention to the gut vascular barrier (GVB) as a distinct determinant of permeability.2 The EpB regulates passage from the intestinal lumen into the lamina propria, whereas the GVB governs subsequent translocation from the lamina propria into the portal and systemic circulation.2 These barriers are biologically linked but they are not synonymous. A model centred only on epithelial leak risks overlooking the step at which local mucosal disturbance becomes clinically consequential systemic exposure.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland"
      ],
      "name": "Wojciech Marlicz"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland",
        "Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Anastasios Koulaouzidis"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "IRCCS, Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy",
        "CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria"
      ],
      "name": "Maria Rescigno"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Missing barrier in coeliac disease: why the gut vascular barrier matters",
  "uid": "b3c34cf4-0e0d-52ae-8a93-2f5850b10855"
}