{
  "abstract": "Background The aim of this article was to capture the current epidemiological and clinical phenotype pattern of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Indonesia and further compare it with longer-established Western cohorts.Methods This study was designed as an observational cohort study. Catchment areas in several cities in Indonesia provide summated and averaged data on pre-specified variables. Incidence rate is described in total subjects with IBD per 100,000 people in the catchment areas in total. The Montreal Classification was used for phenotype assessment. Disease location for CD was stratified as ileum only, colon only, ileocolon, upper gastrointestinal, proximal small bowel disease, and perineal penetrating disease.Results Data from subjects with IBD in the catchment areas in the Indonesian jurisdiction were included. IBD incidence rate in Indonesia has almost doubled when compared with the previous study in 2011 (0.76 per 100,000 people in the 2011 study vs. 1.15 per 100,000 in the 2024 study) (IDDF2026-ABS-0296 Figure 1. Results based on catchment areas of 2024 inception cohort study. Each catchment area is represented by a city, i.e., Western city, Central city, and Eastern city. Updated population numbers in each city are depicted in the legend). Subjects in the Indonesian cohort have milder and less aggressive disease behavioural phenotype and considerably shorter duration of disease compared with the Western cohorts. This substantially longer duration of disease in Western cohorts could shift observed behaviour toward more stricturing/penetrating phenotypes over time. Therefore, similar behaviour distributions notwithstanding the shorter duration of disease in our study could be interpreted as a more aggressive natural progression of disease or merely hint at an occurrence of delay in either diagnosis or treatment of IBD preceding cohort capture. (IDDF2026-ABS-0296 Figure 2. Global map of the epidemiological stages of IBD evolution in 2020 (Adapted from Kaplan and Windsor), IDDF2026-ABS-0296 Figure 3. Four epidemiological stages of IBD evolution (Adapted from Kaplan and Windsor)) ( IDDF2026-ABS-0296 Table 1, IDDF2026-ABS-0296 Table 2)Conclusions The IBD incidence rate in Indonesia appears to have almost doubled within the last decade. Demonstrating that the IBD clinical phenotype patterns in Indonesia are comparable and similar to studies in other countries with established cohort or registry systems will support the rationale for generalizing trial results in another country to broader populations in Indonesia. This will likely give clinicians, regulatory bodies, and patients confidence that the results from a costly clinical trial in one country may be reliably valid to be applied in another country with an under-resourced research environment.Abstract IDDF2026-ABS-0296 Table 1Overall IBD phenotypes in Indonesia during period of 2021-2024Crohn’s diseaseN = 55% diagnosed <170% diagnosed 17-3923 (41.81%)% diagnosed 40-6428 (50.91%)% diagnosed 65+4 (7.27%)% male25 (45.45%)% female30 (54.54%)Mean age at diagnosis (standard deviation(SD))Mean (SD) = 43.545 years old (12.82 yearsold)% B1 disease51 (92.73%)% B2 disease2 (3.64%)% B3 disease2 (3.64%)% L10 (0%)% L25 (9.09%)% L350 (90.91%)Mean duration of disease (standard deviation(SD))Mean (SD) = 885 days (1149 days)% urban at diagnosis36 (65.45%)Ulcerative colitisN = 23% diagnosed <170% diagnosed 17-394 (17.39 %)% diagnosed 40-6415 (65.22%)% diagnosed 65+4 (17.39%)% male7 (30.43%)% female16 (69.57%)Mean age at diagnosis (standard deviation(SD))Mean (SD) = 51.57 years old (11.36 years old)% E1 disease7 (30. 43%)% E2 disease8 (34.78%)% E3 disease8 (34.78%)Mean duration of disease (standard deviation(SD))Mean (SD) = 1392 days (1736.7 days)% urban at diagnosis18 (78.26%)IBD-type unclassified/Indeterminate colitisN = 3% diagnosed <170% diagnosed 17-390% diagnosed 40-642% diagnosed 65+1% male1% female2Mean age at diagnosis (standard deviation(SD))Mean (SD) = 58.33 years old (16.04)Mean duration of disease (standard deviation(SD))Mean (SD) = 191 weeks (286.06 weeks)% urban at diagnosis1 (33.3%)IBD inflammatory bowel disease, CD Crohn’s disease, UC ulcerative colitis, IBD-U IBD-type unclassified/indeterminate colitisAbstract IDDF2026-ABS-0296 Table 2Comparison of Indonesian IBD studiesIndonesian Studies (period)nBackground population, nIncidence rate (95% CI) IBDIncidence rate (95% CI) CDIncidence rate (95% CI) UCACCESS(2011-2013)8912,0880.88 (0.38-1.72)0.33 (0.07-0.96)0.55 (0.18-1.28)IBDTRINA(2021-2024)817,020,0001.54 (0.90-1.41)0.78 (0.58-0.99)0.33 (0.20-0.49)IBD inflammatory bowel disease, CD Crohn’s disease, UC ulcerative colitis",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The JAG Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Studies, Indonesia"
      ],
      "name": "Jeffri Gunawan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Gastroenterology Endoscopy Unit, Digestive Center, Siloam Hospitals, Indonesia"
      ],
      "name": "Kandi Chandra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The JAG Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Studies, Indonesia"
      ],
      "name": "Jessica Jordanes"
    }
  ],
  "title": "IDDF2026-ABS-0296 Beyond borders: gaps and similarities in inflammatory bowel disease clinical epidemiology and phenotypes between developed and developing countries, a comparative analysis",
  "uid": "7cd03eb0-ae74-5b38-98f1-3c47975806db"
}