{
  "abstract": "Background Lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) is a major contributor to cancer burden in India. While the overall burden is well-characterized, differences between early-onset (EOLOC; 15–49 years) and sporadic-onset (SOLOC; 50–74 years) disease remain unclear. This study compared temporal trends, geographic variation, and sociodemographic associations of LOC across age groups in India.Methods The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 study was queried for LOC as the cause and incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) as metrics for the EOLOC and SOLOC groups based on established epidemiological definitions. Age-specific rates were analyzed nationally and state-wise. Associations with Human Development Index (HDI) and risk factor-attributable DALYs were evaluated.Results From 1990 to 2023, divergent temporal trends were observed between age groups ( IDDF2026-ABS-0399 Figure 1). In the SOLOC group, DALY rates increased from 546.1 to 575.0 per 100,000 population, peaking at 635.0 in 2021. Incidence increased from 24.7 to 31.3 per 100,000 person-years, while mortality rose modestly from 18.4 to 19.7 per 100,000 population, peaking at 21.7 in 2021. In contrast, the EOLOC group showed lower absolute burden but with concerning upward trends. DALYs increased from 67.8 to 90.7 per 100,000 population, peaking at 100.2 in 2021. Incidence rose from 2.36 to 3.92 per 100,000 person-years, while mortality increased from 1.34 to 1.82 per 100,000 population, peaking at 2.01 in 2021. In 2023, DALY burden was highest in Meghalaya, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh for SOLOC, and in Meghalaya, Delhi, and Assam for EOLOC (IDDF2026-ABS-0399 Figure 2). Higher HDI was consistently associated with lower incidence, mortality, and DALY rates, with stronger inverse relationships in the SOLOC group (IDDF2026-ABS-0399 Figure 3). Risk factor analysis showed declining DALYs attributable to smoking in both age groups, particularly among younger individuals. However, chewing tobacco remained a dominant contributor, especially in the EOLOC group, while alcohol-attributable DALYs remained low and stable (IDDF2026-ABS-0399 Figure 4).Conclusions While SOLOC accounts for the majority of LOC burden in India, rising incidence and DALYs in EOLOC highlight early exposure to smokeless tobacco as an emerging driver of LOC burden. Persistent sociodemographic disparities underscore the need for targeted, region-specific, and culturally tailored risk communication, prevention, and early detection strategies.Abstract IDDF2026-ABS-0399 Figure 1Abstract IDDF2026-ABS-0399 Figure 2Abstract IDDF2026-ABS-0399 Figure 3Abstract IDDF2026-ABS-0399 Figure 4",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Sri Jagannath Healthcare and Research Centre, India"
      ],
      "name": "Sarthak Jain"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Flinders University, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Simranjeet Singh Dahia"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Sri Jagannath Healthcare and Research Centre, India"
      ],
      "name": "Laalithya Konduru"
    }
  ],
  "title": "IDDF2026-ABS-0399 Early-onset vs sporadic-onset lip and oral cavity cancer in India: temporal trends, geographic disparities, and sociodemographic determinants (1990–2023)",
  "uid": "2fc6d70b-097f-52ae-9c70-ece5739ff265"
}