{
  "abstract": "Background Streptococcus anginosus (SA) has been implicated in the progression of gastric carcinogenesis and shows causal features consistent with Koch’s postulates. Targeting SA may therefore represent a potential strategy to mitigate SA-associated gastric injury. Bacillus coagulans (BC) is a probiotic bacterium with antimicrobial and ecological regulatory properties. However, whether BC can suppress SA and alleviate SA-associated gastric pathology remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of BC on SA and evaluate its potential role in attenuating SA-induced gastric injury.Methods Bacterial growth assays, RT-qPCR, zeta potential measurements, and biofilm assays were performed to evaluate the interaction between BC and SA. A mouse model of SA-induced gastric injury was established to assess the in vivo effects of BC. Gastric histopathology, mucin secretion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining, Alcian blue staining, and Western blot, while fluorescence imaging and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to examine BC colonization and SA tissue infiltration.Results SA exposure induced gastric mucosal injury characterized by mucosal thinning, glandular loss, and metaplastic alterations ( IDDF2026-ABS-0158 Figure 1). BC treatment significantly alleviated SA-induced gastric damage. Western blot analysis showed that SA reduced E-cadherin and Occludin expression while increasing N-cadherin and Vimentin, indicating EMT activation. BC treatment reversed these EMT-associated protein changes. In vitro assays showed that BC suppressed SA proliferation and reduced transcription of the virulence gene SagG. Zeta potential analysis revealed electrostatic attraction between BC and SA, facilitating bacterial interaction. Scanning electron microscopy showed that BC formed dense biofilms capable of adsorbing and intercepting SA (IDDF2026-ABS-0158 Figure 2). In vivo fluorescence imaging demonstrated that BC persisted in the stomach for more than 24 hours. FISH analysis revealed markedly reduced SA signals within the gastric wall in the BC-treated group.Conclusions Bacillus coagulans suppresses the growth and virulence of Streptococcus anginosus, forms biofilm-mediated physical barriers, and limits SA tissue invasion. These effects alleviate SA-induced gastric injury and EMT-associated alterations, supporting BC as a potential probiotic strategy for controlling SA-associated gastric carcinogenesis.Abstract IDDF2026-ABS-0158 Figure 1Abstract IDDF2026-ABS-0158 Figure 2",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China"
      ],
      "name": "Maoyuan Wang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yihan Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, China"
      ],
      "name": "Hongying Fan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yang Bai"
    }
  ],
  "title": "IDDF2026-ABS-0158 Ecological modulation of streptococcus anginosus by bacillus coagulans: implications for gastric injury and carcinogenesis",
  "uid": "21b11941-e84c-58ce-b231-cd41b7779b27"
}