{
  "abstract": "Background HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) represent a spectrum of cognitive impairments that persist despite the widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), affecting more than half of HIV-infected individuals. Patients continue to experience a decline in cognitive functions, as well as motor coordination issues, which severely compromise their quality of life. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic strategies specifically targeting HAND. Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS), derived from yeast cell walls, are emerging as bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant properties. However, whether MOS can ameliorate HIV-related neurocognitive impairment via the gut–brain axis remains unclear.Methods Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Intestinal barrier function was evaluated in the colon tissues of mice by assessing tight junction protein expression using western blotting. Intestinal barrier integrity was assessed by measuring the expression of the tight junction protein in mouse colon tissues using Western blot analysis. Behavioral performance of mice was evaluated using the open field test.Results MOS intervention significantly altered the gut microbiota composition and partially restored microbial community structure. MOS treatment also significantly increased the expression of the tight junction protein ZO-1. In addition, open field test results showed that MOS-treated mice exhibited increased spontaneous locomotor activity and improved cognitive performance compared with control mice.Conclusions In summary, Mannan Oligosaccharide (MOS) alleviates HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders by modulating gut microbiota composition and enhancing intestinal barrier integrity along the gut–brain axis. These findings suggest that MOS may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for delaying the progression of HAND. As a novel prebiotic intervention, the potential of MOS to improve HAND merits further investigation. (Acknowledgements: Supported by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation, Grant No. 2023A1515012231, No. 2024A1515010606)",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Southern Medical University, China"
      ],
      "name": "Shasha Xiong"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Southern Medical University, China"
      ],
      "name": "Zixuan Wang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Southern Medical University, China"
      ],
      "name": "Hengqiu Chen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Southern Medical University, China"
      ],
      "name": "Hong Cao"
    }
  ],
  "title": "IDDF2026-ABS-0041 Mannan oligosaccharide mitigates HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders via gut-brain axis",
  "uid": "1a6234af-e5b6-5194-8841-876c269e066d"
}