{
  "abstract": "The presence of clinically significant portal hypertension and decompensated cirrhosis heralds a significant change in a patient’s trajectory, with an associated high morbidity and mortality. Our understanding and treatment of these conditions has evolved significantly in modern times. This review aims to highlight the most important studies that have influenced our understanding and management of these complex conditions. In this manuscript, we explore the milestone studies in defining decompensation and recompensation, risk stratification, the pathophysiology and treatment of portal hypertension, ascites management, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, renal dysfunction and the potential for disease regression. While the field of hepatology is at an exciting frontier, with novel therapeutics emerging, it is important to reflect on which pivotal studies have brought us to our current standard of care.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "UCL Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, London, UK",
        "Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"
      ],
      "name": "Filomena Ferrentino"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "UCL Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, London, UK",
        "The Royal London Hospital, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Kohilan Gananandan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Internal Medicine III - Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria",
        "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic Laboratory, Vienna, Austria"
      ],
      "name": "Thomas Reiberger"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "UCL Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Emmanouil Tsochatzis"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Landmark studies on clinically significant portal hypertension and decompensated cirrhosis",
  "uid": "1bc0572a-1fa9-55b2-9c88-73b2fb3737b6"
}