{
  "abstract": "Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is a syndrome in which there is a non-selective loss of protein into the lumen of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is identified by increased alpha-1 antitrypsin excretion in the stool. There are many diseases, both congenital and acquired, that can lead to PLE. Diseases may exhibit features of PLE as a consequence of intestinal mucosal disease or impairment of lymphatic drainage from the GI tract. PLE should be considered when hypoproteinaemia occurs in patients in whom other causes of protein loss and reduced synthetic function have been excluded. Patients with PLE typically develop hypoproteinaemia and peripheral oedema. The reduction in oncotic pressure may also lead to pericardial or pleural effusions. Other clinical features can vary depending on the underlying cause. Patients with PLE may develop severe nutritional deficiencies.This review outlines a strategy of investigating PLE. Management is targeted towards treatment of the underlying condition, correction of fluid and electrolytes and management of nutritional deficiency.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Paul Collins"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Protein-losing enteropathies",
  "uid": "d65fe3b0-912b-54ae-ae7c-f33bb75901b3"
}