{
  "abstract": "Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist used primarily as an anaesthetic agent and analgesic. Recreational use in the UK became widespread in the 1990s and recent evidence shows a preponderance in 16–24 year olds. Its hallucinogenic and dissociative effects are the likely cause of its popularity as a recreational drug. Ketamine, when used recreationally, is often inhaled, snorted and rarely ingested orally. This report describes a case of recurrent abdominal pain due to ketamine misuse, colloquially named “K-cramps”, exploring its clinical presentation, the diagnostic process and potential management strategies for this underreported condition.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Gastroenterology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Gastroenterology Service, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Abisoye O Akintimehin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Gastroenterology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Gastroenterology Service, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Jonathan Hoare"
    }
  ],
  "title": "“K-cramps”: ketamine misuse and abdominal pain",
  "uid": "f6b95273-353e-59e9-9f7c-0805b8d6cf47"
}