{
  "abstract": "The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and Public Health England (PHE) recommend gastric biopsies for Helicobacter pylori (HP) culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) in individuals with HP who have failed second-line eradication therapy, have limited treatment options due to drug hypersensitivities, or live in an area known to have high antimicrobial resistance rates.1 2 Tests that can identify HP in gastric biopsy samples include H&E, Giemsa and Gram stains. Phenotypic methods are widely used for AST on gastric biopsies, but where available, molecular testing can also be considered. In January 2025, the UK Health Security Agency Gastrointestinal Bacterial Unit paused its national HP AST service.3 This pause provides an opportunity to review the clinical utility of gastric biopsies for AST in the management of refractory HP infection.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Chi Mun Natalie Lo"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Gail S M Masterton"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Ewan Olson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Kate Templeton"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Rahul Kalla"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Benjamin M Shandro"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [],
      "name": "Edinburgh GI Audit and Research (EGAR) Collaborative"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Determining the clinical utility of gastric biopsies for Helicobacter pylori culture in persistent infection",
  "uid": "1f462780-95a6-5031-95b9-0d72ead028ce"
}