{
  "abstract": "Visceral artery pseudoaneurysms (VAPs) are a rare but important cause of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, requiring rapid diagnosis and intervention to prevent life-threatening haemorrhage. These ‘false’ aneurysms, formed due to a breach in the vascular wall, are commonly triggered by local inflammation, infection or vascular trauma. Although rare, VAPs are prone to rupture, carrying a significantly higher mortality rate than true aneurysms. The clinical presentation of VAPs can be non-specific, with symptoms ranging from non-specific abdominal pain to signs of GI bleeding, often leading to hypovolaemic shock.Radiological imaging, particularly contrast-enhanced CT, plays a central role in diagnosing VAPs and can subsequently guide management strategies. Endovascular intervention, typically involving embolisation of the pseudoaneurysm, can be used to treat VAPs, offering high success rates. This review describes two clinical cases of clinically significant VAPs as well as outlining the aetiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies and management of VAPs, with a focus on the critical role of gastroenterologists in recognising and managing these life-threatening conditions. We emphasise the importance of a timely, multidisciplinary approach to investigation and management of VAPs.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Gastroenterology, Barnet and Chase Farm Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "George Hiner"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Watford General Hospital, Watford, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Shirou Masoodi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Radiology, West Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Ajit Bains"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Radiology, West Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK",
        "Surgery and cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Brahman Dharmarajah"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK",
        "University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Leeds, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Kathryn Griffin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Gastroenterology, West Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Samuel Pannick"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Post-inflammatory visceral artery pseudoaneurysms and gastrointestinal bleeding: a review for the gastroenterologist",
  "uid": "6c757a82-e0c5-523c-9595-30f71401b377"
}