{
  "abstract": "Background and Importance Yield determination is critical for evaluating process efficiency, cost control, and regulatory compliance, as mandated by good manufacturing practices. The pharmacy department of a high-complexity, large-scale, public teaching hospital (HCLPTH) operates with a yield target of 97%. However, the oral liquid product line demonstrated performance below this target, recording 95.5% (2022) and 95.9% (2023). Optimising the yield in this production line is fundamental for managing scarce public resources and ensuring product quality within this complex healthcare setting.Aim and Objectives To optimise unidose packaging (UP) for oral liquids, increasing production yield and reducing waste.Material and Methods The study was conducted in the pharmacy department of an HCLPTH. We included systematic calculations from all production orders for oral liquid medications processed from 2022 to 2024, including the unit production cost. Yield was calculated using the formula: Percentage yield = (Actual yield/Theoretical yield) x 100%. Production cost and the value of losses were calculated, and all financial values were converted to euros (€). An Ishikawa diagram (6M analysis) identified packaging with sealing failure as the root cause. In 2024, a market survey for new UP was conducted, followed by the acquisition of samples, pilot batch production, and evaluation of yield and cost. The saving was calculated by the difference between the values of the losses.Results The intervention with the new UP resulted in a significant decrease in the average unit cost of critical UP products, decreasing from €0.33 (2022-2023) to €0.10 (2024). Consequently, the overall yield of the oral liquid line rose to 97.7% in 2024, surpassing the 97% target. This optimisation resulted in a 50.7% reduction in volume loss units from 2022 (4,443) to 2024 (2,191). In financial terms, the strategy reversed the waste trend, generating annual savings in losses of over €2,260.68, as the associated loss costs for the general line fell from €3,627.99 (2022) to €1,367.30 (2024), demonstrating an immediate and sustainable financial impact. The process was validated and incorporated into routine operations.Conclusion and Relevance This strategy significantly enhanced efficiency and sustainability. It is simple, low-cost, and highly replicable in other hospital pharmacy compounding services.Conflict of Interest No conflict of interest",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Divisao De Farmacia, Instituto Central, Hospital Das Clinicas Hcfmusp, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo- P-Brasil, Divisao De Farmacia, São Paulo, Brazil"
      ],
      "name": "C Chaves"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Divisao De Farmacia, Instituto Central, Hospital Das Clinicas Hcfmusp, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo- P-Brasil, Divisao De Farmacia, São Paulo, Brazil"
      ],
      "name": "PF França"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Divisao De Farmacia, Instituto Central, Hospital Das Clinicas Hcfmusp, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo- P-Brasil, Divisao De Farmacia, São Paulo, Brazil"
      ],
      "name": "MA Fukuhara"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Divisao De Farmacia, Instituto Central, Hospital Das Clinicas Hcfmusp, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo- P-Brasil, Divisao De Farmacia, São Paulo, Brazil"
      ],
      "name": "EA Silva"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Divisao De Farmacia, Instituto Central, Hospital Das Clinicas Hcfmusp, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo- P-Brasil, Divisao De Farmacia, São Paulo, Brazil"
      ],
      "name": "EY Yamamoto"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Divisao De Farmacia, Instituto Central, Hospital Das Clinicas Hcfmusp, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo- P-Brasil, Divisao De Farmacia, São Paulo, Brazil"
      ],
      "name": "CF Santos"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Divisao De Farmacia, Instituto Central, Hospital Das Clinicas Hcfmusp, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo- P-Brasil, Divisao De Farmacia, São Paulo, Brazil"
      ],
      "name": "MC Martins"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Divisao De Farmacia, Instituto Central, Hospital Das Clinicas Hcfmusp, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo- P-Brasil, Divisao De Farmacia, São Paulo, Brazil"
      ],
      "name": "ACP Sforsin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Divisao De Farmacia, Instituto Central, Hospital Das Clinicas Hcfmusp, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo- P-Brasil, Divisao De Farmacia, São Paulo, Brazil"
      ],
      "name": "VB Pinto"
    }
  ],
  "title": "3PC-030 Improving yield and reducing waste: optimising oral liquid packaging to enhance efficiency and sustainability in hospital pharmacy practice",
  "uid": "91fb910c-7547-5979-9069-b24407c9d6bc"
}