{
  "abstract": "Background and Importance Smoking is a factor that influences the efficacy of cancer treatments. The use of immunotherapeutic agents has emerged as an important therapeutic strategy in the perioperative management of resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (rNSCLC).Aim and Objectives To develop a systematic search and evaluation about efficacy of immunotherapies in rNSCLC based on subgroup analysis according to patient smoking status.Material and Methods Systematic review was conducted in EMBASE and Pubmed databases until 17 September 2024. Randomised phase III clinical trials on perioperative immunotherapies for rNSCLC with ≥50 patients were selected. Review records with languages other than English or Spanish were excluded. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the efficacy endpoint evaluated. Analysis of efficacy was performed using aggregated data on immunotherapy regimens. This efficacy analysis differentiated two patient subgroups: current/former smokers and never smokers. Heterogeneous efficacy of immunotherapy regimens between aggregated subgroup of current/former smokers and never smokers was defined as p < 0.1, as these were subpopulation analyses. The calculations were obtained from the hazard ratio values from clinical trials and the variances of their natural logarithms.Results A total of 69 search records were found in EMBASE and PubMed databases. Of these, 65 were excluded for the following reasons: 38 studies did not involve immunotherapies, 12 duplicate publications, 11 records without selected clinical trial design, two studies on different pathologies, one evaluated different endpoints and another for using an excluded language. Therefore, four clinical trials were included. A total of 2835 patients were recruited in the selected clinical trials. The immunotherapeutic agents involved in the perioperative regimens for rNSCLC were durvalumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab and toripalimab. The estimated hazard ratio of immunotherapy regimens for the aggregate subgroup of current/former smokers was 0.55 (95% CI 0.48–0.64). The calculated hazard ratio of immunotherapy schemes for the aggregate subgroup of never smokers was 0.76 (95% CI 0.52–1.13). P between subgroups according to smoking status reached a value of 0.12 (no heterogeneous efficacy).Conclusion and Relevance Our study found no difference in the efficacy of perioperative immunotherapy regimens between current/former smokers and never smokers diagnosed with rNSCLC.References and/or Acknowledgements NoneConflict of Interest No conflict of interest",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Servicio Extremeño De Salud, Servicios Centrales. Subdirección De Farmacia., Merida- Badajoz, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "MD Gil-Sierra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Servicio Extremeño De Salud, Servicios Centrales. Subdirección De Farmacia., Merida- Badajoz, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "MDP Briceño-Casado"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Servicio Extremeño De Salud, Servicios Centrales. Subdirección De Farmacia., Merida- Badajoz, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "C Moreno Ramos"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Servicio Extremeño De Salud, Servicios Centrales. Subdirección De Farmacia., Merida- Badajoz, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "R Castillejo-Garcia"
    }
  ],
  "title": "2SPD-016 Efficacy analysis of perioperative immunotherapy regimens according to smoking status in patients with resectable non-small-cell lung cancer",
  "uid": "486cd193-c978-5b9a-b69d-ed21faa24db7"
}