{
  "abstract": "Informed healthcare decisions require information about harms as well as benefits. Inadequate reporting of harms as well as an overestimation of benefits may contribute to the problem of ‘too much medicine’. Previous taxonomies of harm have considered the patient perspective. We argue that current taxonomies should be expanded to include harm to practitioners’ ability to prioritise time optimally, the public, and the planet. Additional harm domains include inequity-related harms such as disparities in healthcare access and reduced ability to provide warranted care, as well as environmental harm, including the impact of healthcare provision on climate change. As awareness of healthcare harms grows, taxonomies of harm should be refined accordingly.In this workshop, we seek to facilitate the exploration and understanding of additional harm domains and the broader groups impacted by ‘too much medicine’. Participants will engage with an extended taxonomy of harms, critically evaluating and refining it through discussion, debate and interdisciplinary perspectives informed by emerging evidence.We will introduce our preliminary taxonomy using the case of prostate cancer screening and overdiagnosis. We will then illustrate how this taxonomy provides a comprehensive lens for understanding and addressing harm at multiple scales—from individual experiences to broader societal and environmental consequences.Attendees will then engage in group discussions to pilot the taxonomy using case examples. The cases include, but are not limited to, menopause (e.g., hormone replacement therapy for disease prevention), imaging for musculoskeletal conditions, expanding diagnostic criteria for neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder or autism), the medicalisation of weight (e.g., pharmaceutical treatment for BMI greater than 30), and multi-cancer early detection tests. Participants will be grouped by interest and will analyse their chosen case through the lens of our suggested taxonomy. Each group will then share their insights in a plenary discussion and will have the opportunity to suggest improvements.Attendees will be challenged to expand their perspective about the harms of ‘too much medicine’, potentially gaining inspiration for future research while also contributing their insights to an evolving taxonomy that highlights the importance of winding back the harms of too much medicine.Learning Objectives Discuss the key domains of harm caused by ‘too much medicine’ and how they may impact patients, practitioners, the public, and the planet.Apply the proposed taxonomy of harm to case examples.Critically evaluate the proposed taxonomy and suggest further refinements, including applicability.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Romi Haas"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark",
        "Lisa Schwartz Foundation for Truth in Medicine, Vermont, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Emma Gram"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Global Center for Sustainable Healthcare, Malmo, Sweden",
        "University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Amanda Niklasson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Lisa Schwartz Foundation for Truth in Medicine, Vermont, USA",
        "University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Karsten Jorgensen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Lisa Schwartz Foundation for Truth in Medicine, Vermont, USA",
        "University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden",
        "Global Center for Sustainable Healthcare, Malmo, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Minna Johansson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Timothy Wilt"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Katy Bell"
    }
  ],
  "title": "072 Beyond the patient: expanding the perspective of harms from too much medicine",
  "uid": "6273e406-c175-582e-905e-87133dc4395d"
}