{
  "abstract": "Introduction Primary headache disorders are highly prevalent and frequently co-occur with sleep disturbances. Given their potential etiological role, various sleep dimensions have attracted growing attention. This study examined associations between sleep variables (subjective sleep quality, insomnia symptomatology, chronotype, and social jetlag) and both the severity and frequency of headache. Additionally, we investigated associations between these variables and psychiatric symptoms.Methods 204 participants completed a battery of questionnaires measuring headache severity and frequency, sleep factors, psychological distress, and demographics. Our analysis assessed correlations between headache, sleep, and psychopathology variables, predictive modelling of headache severity, frequency, and psychiatric symptoms, and moderation effects of insomnia symptomatology.Results Headache variables were positively correlated with all sleep factors, with insomnia symptomatology showing the strongest association (r = 0.46, p < .001; r = 0.56, p < .001). Psychiatric symptoms were positively associated with all measured variables. Multiple regression revealed that sleep variables significantly predict the Severity and Frequency of Headache (F (4, 177) = 19.1, p < .001, adjusted 𝑅 2 = 0.29, and F (4, 177) = 14.5, p < .001, adjusted 𝑅2 = 0.23). Insomnia symptomatology was the only independent predictor in both models. The regression model predicting the Intensity of Psychiatric Symptoms, revealed that combined sleep and headache variables explained 42% of the variance in psychopathology, F (6, 175) = 22.70, p < .001, adjusted 𝑅2 = 0.42, I, with subjective sleep quality, insomnia symptomatology, and headache frequency emerging as independent predictors. Moderation analysis further demonstrated that insomnia symptomatology moderated the relationship between headache severity and psychiatric symptoms Z = 3.08, SE = 6.46𝑒−4, p < .01.Discussion These findings underscore the complexity of the headache–sleep–psychopathology relationship. Insomnia symptomatology plays a salient role across clinical dimensions, reinforcing the value of integrated interventions targeting both sleep and mental health to improve headache-related outcomes.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom"
      ],
      "name": "Beatriz Venâncio"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom"
      ],
      "name": "Alice M Gregory"
    }
  ],
  "title": "P15 A cross-sectional study exploring the relationship between primary cephalalgia, sleep, and general psychiatric symptoms",
  "uid": "2491576f-d99a-5d1e-8b2c-e85db015d6c7"
}