{
  "abstract": "Introduction Digital interventions delivering cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) offer a scalable and accessible alternative to traditional, face-to-face treatment. Despite growing evidence supporting the effectiveness of digital CBT-I (dCBT-I), the extent to which these interventions are acceptable to recipients remains unclear. This mixed-methods systematic review synthesised evidence on the acceptability of dCBT-I interventions from quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies.Methods Systematic searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, and CINAHL Plus for literature published from the database inception to 30th April 2025. Studies were eligible if they involved working-age adults (aged 16–65 years) receiving dCBT-I and provided quantitative or qualitative data on acceptability. The review followed PRISMA guidelines, and the study quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were synthesised using a convergent integrated approach, with quantitative data transformed into qualitative form to support integration.Results The search identified 2,347 unique citations, of which 68 studies met eligibility criteria. Thirty-three studies reported only proxy measures of acceptability, with results varying widely across studies. Thirty-five studies, reporting on 2,497 participants, included more comprehensive assessments of acceptability and revealed six interrelated themes: general acceptability, perceived helpfulness, individualised needs, congruence with personal life, functionality, and design. The dCBT-I interventions were mainly positively received in terms of their general acceptability, perceived helpfulness, functionality, and design; however, they were not always congruent with participants’ personal lives or meeting their individualised needs. Study quality was moderate overall.Discussion Evidence shows heterogeneous results regarding whether dCBT-I is acceptable to recipients. Acceptability was mostly ambiguously defined and inconsistently assessed across studies, and the existing measures insufficiently addressed the multi-faceted construct. Future dCBT-I research should adopt theory-driven models of acceptability and include measures of prospective or concurrent acceptability to generate more robust and meaningful evidence on the acceptability of dCBT-I interventions.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Advanced Care Research Centre, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"
      ],
      "name": "Michaela Gilarova"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"
      ],
      "name": "Nikki Thomson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"
      ],
      "name": "Joseph Lawrence"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"
      ],
      "name": "Breda Cullen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"
      ],
      "name": "Maria Gardani"
    }
  ],
  "title": "P30 Digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia: mixed-methods systematic review of acceptability",
  "uid": "091965af-3795-5612-a393-97b301281f8f"
}