{
  "abstract": "Background The WHO calls for integrating patient safety curricula in healthcare education globally, but the limited contextual applicability of existing frameworks constrains national implementation. This work aims to describe the development of Swedish national competence goals in patient safety to establish patient safety as a distinct field summarised within a comprehensive framework of competency areas.Method The national competence goals were developed in a project initiated by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare that commissioned a group of academics with expertise in patient safety to work on the project. The development entailed an iterative process involving both physical and digital meetings, individual work and two rounds of questionnaires. Initially, drawing on expert knowledge and international literature, a set of competence areas based on key concepts in patient safety was proposed and defined. Within each competence area, several competence goals were developed. A modified Delphi process was then employed to collect insights from two multidisciplinary panels of experts (n=23). Finally, competence areas, key concepts and competence goals were refined based on feedback from the two Delphi panels.Results The project resulted in a national framework comprising 15 competence areas and 113 competence goals, highlighting key dimensions of patient safety such as foundational concepts, professional roles, systems thinking, patient involvement, human factors, communication and teamwork, organisational culture, risk awareness, learning from adverse events, evaluation, safe practices, technology, leadership, emergency preparedness and high-risk care situations.Conclusions The development of national competence areas and goals marks an advancement in establishing patient safety as a distinct scientific discipline, where they collectively provide a broad and structured set of educational goals and standards. This initiative provides a foundation for integrating patient safety curricula into national healthcare education and strengthening patient safety practices, which can serve as an inspiration to others.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden",
        "Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Maria Unbeck"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden",
        "Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Anna Dahlgren"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Christian Danielsson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Astrid Lindgren’s Children’s Hospital, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden",
        "Medical Management Centre, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Karin Pukk Harenstam"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Helena Walfridsson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden",
        "Department of Learning Informatics Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Mirjam Ekstedt"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Jonkoping County, Sweden",
        "Futurum – Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Axel Ros"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Development of national competence areas and competence goals for patient safety using a modified Delphi method",
  "uid": "f93025f0-0098-5e6d-ac72-a936441143c1"
}