{
  "abstract": "Objective Consumption of dietary fibre has various beneficial effects on human health. In this prebirth cohort study, we examined the association between maternal dietary fibre intake during pregnancy and the risk of childhood behavioural problems in 5-year-old Japanese children.Method Participants were 1199 mother–child pairs. Maternal dietary intake was assessed using a diet history questionnaire. Emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity problems, peer problems and low prosocial behaviour in children were assessed using the parent-reported version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.Results Significant inverse exposure–response associations were observed between maternal total dietary fibre consumption during pregnancy and the risk of childhood hyperactivity problems and low prosocial behaviour: the adjusted ORs (95% CIs, P for trend) between extreme quartiles were 0.55 (0.33 to 0.90, 0.02) and 0.64 (0.44 to 0.93, 0.004), respectively. Maternal consumption of soluble dietary fibre during pregnancy was independently inversely associated with childhood hyperactivity problems: the adjusted OR (95% CI, P for trend) between extreme quartiles was 0.57 (0.34 to 0.94, 0.03). Maternal consumption of insoluble dietary fibre during pregnancy was independently inversely associated with both hyperactivity problems and low prosocial behaviour in children: the adjusted ORs (95% CIs, P for trend) between extreme quartiles were 0.48 (0.29 to 0.80, 0.009) and 0.63 (0.43 to 0.91, 0.008), respectively. There were no associations between maternal consumption of total, soluble or insoluble dietary fibre during pregnancy and childhood emotional, conduct or peer problems.Conclusions Higher maternal intake levels of total dietary fibre and insoluble dietary fibre during pregnancy may be associated with a decreased risk of hyperactivity problems and a decreased risk of low prosocial behaviour in 5-year-old children. Maternal soluble dietary fibre during pregnancy may be inversely associated with childhood hyperactivity problems.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Wellness Science Labs, Meiji Holdings Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan",
        "R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Mai Quynh Nguyen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan",
        "Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan",
        "Research Promotion Unit, Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan",
        "Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan",
        "Department of Healthcare Data Science, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Yoshihiro Miyake"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan",
        "Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan",
        "Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan",
        "Food & Health Function Research Center, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Keiko Tanaka"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Wellness Science Labs, Meiji Holdings Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan",
        "R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Shizuka Hasuo"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Keiji Takahashi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Wellness Science Labs, Meiji Holdings Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan",
        "R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Midori Natsume"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Behavioural Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Hitomi Okubo"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Maternal dietary fibre intake during pregnancy and behavioural problems in 5-year-old children: the Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study",
  "uid": "5d898893-c21c-5c65-9fbb-0262b0205c6f"
}