{
  "abstract": "Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major health concern, disproportionately affecting children in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs). Diarrhoeal diseases, a leading cause of paediatric morbidity and mortality, are significant contributors to AKI.Methods This study systematically reviewed literature published post-2000 on three groups of children: those hospitalised with diarrhoea who developed AKI (Diarrhoea/AKI), those hospitalised with AKI attributable to diarrhoea (AKI/Diarrhoea), and those with diarrhoea-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome (D +-HUS).Results After screening 1895 titles and abstracts, 92 studies were included. Most focused on D +-HUS (76%), with fewer addressing AKI/Diarrhoea (15%) and Diarrhoea/AKI (9%). Studies were predominantly retrospective and high-income country (HIC)-based. In children hospitalised with diarrhoea, mean AKI prevalence was higher in LLMICs than in HICs (43.2±30.5% vs 10.1±12.7%). Similarly in children hospitalized with AKI, diarrhoea was more frequent in LLMICs compared with HICs (23.8±12.3% vs . 16.1±5.9%). Among children with D+-HUS, 60% required dialysis, and mortality was substantially higher in LLMICs compared with HICs (28.5±17.43% vs . 3.7±3.6%).Conclusion Diarrhoea is a common yet underreported associated clinical finding among children with AKI, particularly in resource-limited settings. Enhanced monitoring of kidney outcomes in children with diarrhoea is essential to address the overlapping burden of these conditions and improve outcomes globally.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Lea M Merz"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pediatric Nephrology, St John’s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"
      ],
      "name": "Nivedita Kamath"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pediatrics, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria"
      ],
      "name": "Adewale E Adetunji"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Nephrology, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland",
        "Department of Public and Global Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland",
        "Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Boston, MA, USA",
        "Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"
      ],
      "name": "Valerie A Luyckx"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Acute kidney injury due to diarrhoeal diseases in children: a systematic review",
  "uid": "ff6c4818-d827-5aba-b816-ee9b435b4718"
}