{
  "abstract": "Diagnosing Wilson’s disease (WD) in children remains a significant challenge. This study evaluated spot urinary copper/creatinine (Cu/Cr) ratio for paediatric WD diagnosis in Bangladesh. 60 children (30 WD, 30 non-WD by Leipzig criteria) were enrolled, and the spot morning urinary Cu/Cr and 24-hour urinary copper were measured. The spot Cu/Cr ratio was significantly higher in patients with WD (median 0.2597 vs 0.0101, p<0.001) and correlated strongly with 24-hour urinary copper (r=0.697). A cut-off of 0.01604 yielded 90% sensitivity and specificity (AUC 0.920). Spot urinary Cu/Cr ratio is an accurate, non-invasive tool for paediatric WD diagnosis, particularly in resource-limited settings. These promising initial findings highlight its potential, though further comprehensive validation in larger and diverse populations is essential to confirm its reliability and generalisability.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Fahmida Begum"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Amit Kumar Datta"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Khan Lamia Nahid"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Tahmina Jesmin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Nadira Musabbir"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Md Wahiduzzaman Mazumder"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Paediatric Neurology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Kanij Fatema"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Md Rukunuzzaman"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Abu Sayd Mohammad Bazlul Karim"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Psychiatry, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Faisal Chowdhury"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Directorate General of Health Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh",
        "School of Research, Chattogram, Bangladesh"
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad Azmain Iktidar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Spot urinary copper/creatinine ratio: a non-invasive tool for diagnosis of Wilson’s disease in children",
  "uid": "aa7055b2-d685-564e-82af-6d696b11ae4a"
}