{
  "abstract": "Background To investigate the overall and type-specific prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in China across different age groups and regions and to evaluate the triage of HPV-positive cases.Methods A prospective cross-sectional study recruited a total of 20 103 women aged 30–59 years from 13 provinces in China. Self-collected vaginal samples were tested for 14 HR-HPV types using next-generation sequencing or multiplex real-time PCR assays.Results The five most common types were HPV52, 58, 16, 39 and 51. The prevalence of single-type HR-HPV was 10.70%. The overall proportion of HPV16/18 was 20.67%, with a significant difference observed among provinces (p<0.05). The age-specific prevalence curve of HR-HPV followed a U-shaped pattern from 30 to 59 years, with a lower prevalence observed in women aged 40–44 years (12.35%), which subsequently changed with age. The proportion of women aged 30–34 years with HPV16 (21.59%) was significantly higher than that in other age groups, showing two peaks in young and older women. There was a significantly higher prevalence of HPV16 single-type infection in the youngest group, whereas HPV16 multi-type infection was higher in older women. Among cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN)2+ cases, HPV16 infection accounted for 43.98%, HPV18 infection for 7.84%, and other 12 infections for 48.20%. HPV16 had the highest sensitivity for detecting CIN2+, reaching 42.7% among single HPV types, followed by HPV52 and HPV58. When HPV16/18/33 were combined for detection, the sensitivity for detecting CIN2+ increased to 66.67%.Conclusions The prevalence and genotype distribution of HR-HPV based on vaginal self-sampling varied across different regions and ages in China. HPV16 was more prevalent in both younger and older age groups. Different HPV subtypes have different detection rates for CIN2+, and combining HPV16/18/33 significantly improved the sensitivity for detecting CIN2+.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jingran Li"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Chen Yao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Chao Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Mingzhu Li"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China"
      ],
      "name": "Ling Li"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China"
      ],
      "name": "Zhixin Lin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Zhijun Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jihong Deng"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xining First People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China"
      ],
      "name": "Rong Liu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical College, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yingying Hu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China"
      ],
      "name": "Songling Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China"
      ],
      "name": "Bei Lin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"
      ],
      "name": "Ruifang An"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yun Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xinfeng Qu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China",
        "Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, China"
      ],
      "name": "Hui Du"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"
      ],
      "name": "Ruifang Wu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Lihui Wei"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Distribution and extended triage of high-risk human papillomavirus genotyping based on vaginal self-sampling",
  "uid": "4afc9c4a-4497-5552-88c9-3d3fb946df45"
}