{ "abstract": "Returning to a high level of performance after injury is a significant challenge for athletes. However, current best practices for return-to-performance in competitive snow sports are not well understood due to a lack of research evidence and international harmonisation. The International Ski and Snowboard Federation commissioned this consensus statement to provide recommendations for the safe and successful return of competitive alpine and freestyle skiers and snowboarders to competitive performance. An international consensus panel was formed to contribute their knowledge and perspectives on return-to-performance. The panel included experts with extensive experience in return-to-performance. The panel consisted of 23 experts (7 women and 16 men) from various skiing and snowboarding disciplines and levels of competition. It included 16 researchers, 6 snow sports or International Olympic Committee officials, 9 physicians, 6 physical therapists, 2 sports psychologists, 2 coaches and 2 former athletes, some of whom had two backgrounds/functions. However, it was disproportionately European (78%) and North American (13%), with minimal representation from South America (4%) and Africa (4%) and no representation from Asia or Australasia. The RAND-UCLA Appropriateness Method was adopted for the underlying consensus process. First, the panel discussed which topics and questions should be included in the consensus statement before developing an overall structure. The consensus process then involved providing key content based on the literature or statements from experts/panel members. These were voted on three times by all the panel members, resulting in a list of 196 statements. The jointly developed overall structure and the final statement list then formed the basis for preparing the manuscript. This consensus statement aims to assist athletes, coaches and medical staff of international and national federations in planning and implementing safe and successful return-to-performance strategies for competitive alpine and freestyle skiers and snowboarders.", "authors": [ { "affiliations": [ "Sports Medical Research Group, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland", "University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland" ], "name": "Jörg Spörri" }, { "affiliations": [ "Sports Medical Research Group, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland", "University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland" ], "name": "Philippe O Müller" }, { "affiliations": [ "Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands" ], "name": "Oriol Bonell Monsonís" }, { "affiliations": [ "Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway" ], "name": "Roald Bahr" }, { "affiliations": [ "Sports Medical Research Group, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland", "University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland", "Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands" ], "name": "Lisa Beck" }, { "affiliations": [ "Knee-Muscle-Tendon Sportsmedicine Center, Munich, Germany", "Biomechanics in Sport, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany" ], "name": "Peter U Brucker" }, { "affiliations": [ "Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland" ], "name": "Lars Engbretsen" }, { "affiliations": [ "Gelenkpunkt-Sports and Joint Surgery FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Innsbruck, Austria", "Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention (OSMI), Private University of Health Sciences Medical Informatics and Technology, Innsbruck, Austria" ], "name": "Christian Fink" }, { "affiliations": [ "Medical Committee, International Ski and Snowboard Federation, Oberhofen, Switzerland" ], "name": "Hubert Hörterer" }, { "affiliations": [ "Integrative Neuromuscular Sport Performance Lab, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada", "Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada" ], "name": "Matthew J Jordan" }, { "affiliations": [ "FIS Athlete Health Unit, International Ski and Snowboard Federation, Oberhofen, Switzerland" ], "name": "Gerald Mitterbauer" }, { "affiliations": [ "Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway" ], "name": "Håvard Moksens" }, { "affiliations": [ "GB Snowsport, London, UK" ], "name": "Abi Okell" }, { "affiliations": [ "U.S. Ski & Snowboard, Park City, Utah, USA" ], "name": "Jaron Santelli" }, { "affiliations": [ "Sports Medical Research Group, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland", "University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland" ], "name": "Johannes Scherr" }, { "affiliations": [ "Medical Committee, International Ski and Snowboard Federation, Oberhofen, Switzerland", "Institute for Sport Medicine, Alpine Medicine and Health Tourism (ISAG), Private University for Health Technology and Health Sciences (UMIT Tirol), Hall in Tirol, Austria", "Institute for Sport Medicine, Alpine Medicine and Health Tourism (ISAG), Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria" ], "name": "Wolfgang Schobersberger" }, { "affiliations": [ "German Ski Federation, Planegg, Germany" ], "name": "Annika Stolz" }, { "affiliations": [ "University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA" ], "name": "Jim Taylor" }, { "affiliations": [ "Medical Committee, International Ski and Snowboard Federation, Oberhofen, Switzerland", "Finnish Institute of High-Performance Sport KIHU, Jyväskylä, Finland" ], "name": "Maarit Valtonen" }, { "affiliations": [ "FIS Athlete Health Unit, International Ski and Snowboard Federation, Oberhofen, Switzerland" ], "name": "Tina Weirather" }, { "affiliations": [ "Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, Netherlands", "Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa" ], "name": "Vincent Gouttebarge" }, { "affiliations": [ "Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands" ], "name": "Caroline Bolling" }, { "affiliations": [ "Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Centre for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands" ], "name": "Evert Verhagen" } ], "title": "International Ski and Snowboard Federation (FIS) consensus statement on return-to-performance in competitive alpine and freestyle skiers and snowboarders", "uid": "215459c2-621a-5759-af55-348accde49ce" }