{
  "abstract": "The Sport Mental Health Assessment Tool-1 (SMHAT-1) screens for athlete mental health concerns, yet little is known about outcomes following positive screens.Objective This study examined the follow-up outcomes of Team USA athletes who exceeded thresholds on the SMHAT-1 questionnaire prior to the 2024 Paris Olympic and Paralympic Games.Methods A total of 847 SMHAT-1 assessments were completed (Paralympic, 26.7%; women, 52%). Questionnaires exceeding established thresholds were classified as a positive screen, which elicited follow-up by a Team USA mental health provider. During follow-up, mental health providers recorded follow-up outcomes using one of nine predefined outcomes. Outcomes were analysed for athletes with a single positive screen and for all unique positive screen combinations.Results 450 (53.1%) athletes had a positive screen. The most common outcomes were: ‘discussion without further action’ (31.8%), ‘athlete already connected to outside services’ (26.0%) and ‘inability to contact the athlete’ (20.4%). However, 43.1% of follow-ups required a service to be provided to the athlete.Conclusion While many positive screens did not require new clinical interventions, the proportion of athletes receiving follow-up care (43.1%) or were already in care (26.0%), underscores the need for diverse psychological resources to support elite athlete mental health. The inability to reach 20.4% of athletes following a positive screen suggests that alternative approaches for the deployment of the SMHAT-1 may be needed to allow for immediate clinician follow-up care. These findings support ongoing SMHAT-1 use and highlight the need for sufficient psychological services resources to meet athletes’ follow-up needs.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA",
        "United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO, USA",
        "Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Travis Anderson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA",
        "United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Jessica Bartley"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA",
        "United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO, USA",
        "Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Eric G Post"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA",
        "United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO, USA",
        "Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Ashley N Triplett"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA",
        "United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Amber Donaldson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA",
        "United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO, USA",
        "Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA",
        "Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Jonathan Finnoff"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA",
        "United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO, USA",
        "Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA",
        "School of Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK",
        "Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA",
        "Adams Sports Medicine Consulting LLC, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA"
      ],
      "name": "William M Adams"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Psychological services delivered to Team USA Olympic and Paralympic athletes after positive screen on the SMHAT-1 questionnaires",
  "uid": "127de10a-6d86-59f8-8e93-5278b38ad353"
}