{
  "abstract": "Objective Keen interest exists in the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), with prior studies yielding inconsistent findings. This study aims to quantify the association between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and POAG using data from a large cohort.Methods and analysis In this cross-sectional analysis, we used data from 47 595 participants in the UK Biobank. CIMT was assessed using carotid ultrasound, while POAG was diagnosed based on health records and self-reported information. Logistic regression was used to detect CIMT-POAG association, after adjusting for potential confounders. Additionally, relationships with POAG-related endophenotypes, including intraocular pressure (IOP), macular retinal nerve fibre layer (mRNFL) thickness, macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness and retinal vascular features, were examined through linear regression.Results A greater CIMT, evaluated per SD increment, was associated with a 10% increased risk of POAG (OR 1.10, p=0.004). The CIMT-POAG relationship exhibited an approximately linear pattern (p non-linear=0.797). This association was more pronounced in women (OR 1.18, p=0.003) and in individuals with a high genetic predisposition to POAG (OR 1.14, p=0.004). Furthermore, higher CIMT was significantly correlated with increased IOP (β=0.14, p=0.007) and decreased mRNFL thickness (β=−0.16, p=0.030). Additionally, higher CIMT was found to co-occur with retinal vascular impairments, including a decrease in fractal dimension, an increase in vessel tortuosity and a narrower central retinal arteriole (all false discovery rates<0.05).Conclusion This study observes an association between increased CIMT and POAG, especially in women and individuals with genetic susceptibility. These findings suggest that CIMT may be a useful biomarker with potential clinical relevance and propose possible vascular mechanisms underlying disease progression.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China",
        "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China",
        "Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China"
      ],
      "name": "Zhiqian Huang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China",
        "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China",
        "Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yu Du"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital, Xi'an, China"
      ],
      "name": "Bo Ma"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China",
        "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China",
        "Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jiao Qi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China",
        "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China",
        "Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yi Lu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China",
        "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China",
        "Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xiangjia Zhu"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Carotid intima-media thickness in relation to primary open-angle glaucoma: epidemiological and structural evidence from a cross-sectional study",
  "uid": "6e396546-6ce5-5902-bdeb-8d38d1cbba8d"
}