{
  "abstract": "Background Tinnitus is the perception of sound without an external source, often considered a phantom percept similar to phantom limb sensations, resulting from maladaptive plasticity in the brain. The condition lacks an established biomarker for diagnosis but recent studies have linked it to neural changes. The Tinnitus Detection consortium aims to identify and validate potential biomarkers for tinnitus presence and intensity.Methods/design This multicentre prospective case–control study will recruit 560 adults (280 chronic tinnitus; 280 controls). Participants will complete standardised audiological and questionnaire assessments and then undergo 64-channel electroencephalography (and magnetoencephalography at one site) to record event-related potentials during (1) a cortical gap prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS) paradigm assessing gap-related inhibition of the N1 response and (2) an omission auditory oddball paradigm quantifying mismatch negativity and P300 as candidate biomarkers of tinnitus presence and loudness.Discussion The identification of a biomarker for tinnitus is crucial for developing personalised diagnosis and treatment: There is a need for updated guidelines and more effective tinnitus treatments, as existing interventions often rely on subjective measures. The success of biomarkers like GPIAS and oddball paradigms could significantly improve the reliability of tinnitus diagnosis and treatment, marking a transformative step in the field.Trial registration number NCT06520865.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland",
        "Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland",
        "Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"
      ],
      "name": "Sven Vanneste"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"
      ],
      "name": "Anusha Yasoda-Mohan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"
      ],
      "name": "Feifan Chen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"
      ],
      "name": "Elva Arulchelvan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"
      ],
      "name": "Nathan Shields"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "MEG-Center, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany",
        "HIH, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany",
        "CIMeC, Center of Mind Brain Resarch, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"
      ],
      "name": "Christoph Braun"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Central Sensory Processes Lab, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Julia Campbell"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"
      ],
      "name": "Dirk De Ridder"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Milena Engelke"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Stefan Fink"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Speech and Hearing Science and The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Fatima T Husain"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Speech and Hearing Science and The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Namitha Jain"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Tobias Kleinjung"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Speech and Hearing Science and The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Gibbeum Kim"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Marlies Knipper"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Berthold Langguth"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany",
        "CIMeC, Center of Mind Brain Resarch, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy"
      ],
      "name": "Hongyu Lu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany",
        "Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Patrick Neff"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Central Sensory Processes Lab, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Lauren Ralston"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Elinor Riegger"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Lukas Rüttiger"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany",
        "Institute of Information and Process Management, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, St Gallen, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Winfried Schlee"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute of Information and Process Management, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, St Gallen, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Beat Tödtli"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Payam S Shabestari"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Speech and Hearing Science and The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Shagun Ajmera"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Susanne Staudinger"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Stephan Wolpert"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany",
        "Laboratory of Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"
      ],
      "name": "Christopher R Cederroth"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Objective data-driven personalised approach to diagnosis of chronic tinnitus: the Tinnitus Detection (TIDE) project – protocol for the identification and validation of a biomarker for tinnitus",
  "uid": "fad1dd88-b032-58fd-b3c0-a2343178bc47"
}