{
  "abstract": "Background In sub-Saharan Africa, young women face disproportionate challenges transitioning from school to employment, with high rates of those not in education, employment or training (NEET). Structural barriers—including unequal gender norms, early marriage and unpaid labour—limit their economic participation. The Campaign for Female Education (CAMFED) Livelihoods programme supports young women’s transition from school to independent adulthood through mentoring, life skills, business and agricultural training and access to financial resources.Aim This study will evaluate the impact, process and mechanisms of change, and cost-benefit of CAMFED Livelihoods programme in Tanzania and Zimbabwe (2024–2027), focusing on outcomes related to economic activity, empowerment, leadership, mental health, subjective well-being and sexual and reproductive health among adolescent and young women (aged 15–24 years).Methods and analysis We will conduct a mixed-method, longitudinal evaluation across five districts in Tanzania and three districts in Zimbabwe. The quantitative component includes a pre-post cohort with a comparison group in Tanzania (n=1520) and a single-cohort design in Zimbabwe (n=500), with data collected at baseline, midline and endline. Primary outcomes are NEET status and leadership, complemented by measures of well-being, empowerment and health. The qualitative component will explore mechanisms of change and programme delivery. A cost-benefit analysis will estimate social and economic returns using a provider perspective. Youth researchers will be engaged to enhance participatory learning.Ethics and dissemination We have received ethics approvals from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (31266), the National Health Research Ethics Committee (6732) in Tanzania and the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe (MRCZ/A/3239) in Zimbabwe. Results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals and shared with policymakers, study participants and the other stakeholders in Tanzania and Zimbabwe.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Meghna Ranganathan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Melissa Neuman"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Vishna Shah"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Tanya Abramsky"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Andres Madriz Montero"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Giulia Greco"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED International, Cambridge, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Catherine Shimmin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED International, Cambridge, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Lisa Boero"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK",
        "The Health Research Unit Zimbabwe (ThruZim), Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe"
      ],
      "name": "Constance R S Mackworth-Young"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The Health Research Unit Zimbabwe (ThruZim), Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe"
      ],
      "name": "Tsitsi Bandason"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The Health Research Unit Zimbabwe (ThruZim), Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe"
      ],
      "name": "Nyasha Buwu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The Health Research Unit Zimbabwe (ThruZim), Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe"
      ],
      "name": "Sandra Chidawanyika"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "EDI Global Tanzania Limited, Bukoba, Kagera Region, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Patrick Minja"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "EDI Global Tanzania Limited, Bukoba, Kagera Region, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Respichius D Mitti"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "EDI Global Tanzania Limited, Bukoba, Kagera Region, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Sosthenes Alex"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "EDI Global Tanzania Limited, Bukoba, Kagera Region, United Republic of Tanzania",
        "Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Lusajo Kajula"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Health Systems, Impact Evaluation and Policy, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Morogoro Region, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Francis Ngadaya"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Health Systems, Impact Evaluation and Policy, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Morogoro Region, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Peter Binyaruka"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Festo Mboya"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Nelly Fute"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Daudi Daudi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Paul Malunde"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania"
      ],
      "name": "Enos Moshi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe"
      ],
      "name": "Jeffrey Nyandoro"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe"
      ],
      "name": "Mildrate Murandu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAMFED International, Cambridge, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Catherine Boyce"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Evaluating the impact and cost-benefit of CAMFED’s livelihoods support on young women’s economic activity, health and well-being in Tanzania and Zimbabwe: protocol for a multi-method, longitudinal study",
  "uid": "39295114-fd0d-50e2-875b-276c8309c6a2"
}