{
  "abstract": "Objectives Robust assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is essential for evaluating the disease burden in patients with haematologic malignancies. This study examined the performance of the EuroQol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D) instrument in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), acute leukaemia (AL) and lymphoma using time trade-off (TTO)-elicited utility scores as the reference, and explored factors contributing to discrepancies between EQ-5D and TTO utilities.Design We performed a cross-sectional observational study using EQ-5D and TTO to assess HRQoL.Setting A leading tertiary care hospital in China.Participants 158 patients consecutively admitted to hospital for MM (n=50), AL (n=63) and lymphoma (n=45) between January and August 2024.Outcome measures The primary outcome was the EQ-5D performance in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), criterion validity (Spearman’s correlation with TTO), and structural validity (exploratory factor analysis). The secondary outcome was the patient characteristics associated with discrepancies between EQ-5D and TTO utilities.Results TTO utility scores were highest in AL (0.798), followed by lymphoma (0.755) and MM (0.693). EQ-5D utility values were consistently higher than TTO across all groups. Among the three groups, EQ-5D demonstrated the best psychometric performance in patients with MM, with excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.899), strongest correlation with TTO (r=0.538, p<0.001) and high structural validity. By contrast, EQ-5D showed moderate validity in AL (r=0.386, p=0.002) and poor validity in lymphoma (r=0.230, p=0.129). In patients with AL, chronic kidney failure was significantly associated with greater TTO–EQ-5D utility discrepancy (coefficient=0.213, p=0.035).Conclusions EQ-5D performed well in patients with MM, supporting its use in this population. In patients with AL, adjustments for clinical characteristics such as chronic kidney failure may improve the accuracy of EQ-5D utility values. The poor psychometric performance of EQ-5D in patients with lymphoma raises concerns about its appropriateness as a standalone instrument for HRQoL.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China",
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China",
        "Hunan Hematology Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Wei Qin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China",
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China",
        "Hunan Hematology Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Ya Chen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China",
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China",
        "Hunan Hematology Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yuyan Ouyang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China",
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China",
        "Hunan Hematology Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Hong Xiao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Dan Yu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China",
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China",
        "Hunan Hematology Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Cong Zeng"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jinbiao Chen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Tingyin Chen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Changsha Normin Health Technology Ltd, Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Huiqing Huang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Zhaoxin Qian"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China",
        "Changsha Normin Health Technology Ltd, Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Wendong Chen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China",
        "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China",
        "Hunan Hematology Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Changsha, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yajing Xu"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Reliability and validity of EuroQol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels in patients with haematologic malignancies: a cross-sectional study in China",
  "uid": "00d606b5-fdea-5d07-838f-ac5c47162c02"
}