{
  "abstract": "Objective All children in England should receive a health review at 2–2½ years, with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire third edition (ASQ-3) used to collect public health surveillance data on child development. However, practitioners also value tools that assess individual children’s development—consistent with ASQ-3’s original purpose. Concerns about licensing costs and barriers to digitalisation have prompted interest in alternative tools to the ASQ-3 in England.Design To inform policy, we conducted a rapid scoping review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines to identify tools that can measure or assess early child development.Data sources Searched PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science from January 2012 to November 2022, with targeted search update November 2024.Eligibility criteria We included English-language studies published after January 2012 that described or evaluated tools in English which could measure or assess early child development in children <5 years across five domains: motor, cognitive, communicative, social and emotional.Data extraction We extracted key features and reliability, validity, sensitivity and specificity of tools which could feasibly be implemented at the 2–2½-year review (eg, including multiple age versions and <30 min to use). We used Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-I to assess risk of bias.Results We identified 112 unique publications describing 34 tools; six met our feasibility criteria for the 2–2½-year review (reported in 53 studies). Only ASQ-3 and CREDI offer domain-specific scoring—a government priority. ASQ-3 moderately detects mild delays and performs better for severe delays in at-risk groups. Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments (CREDI) was designed for public health surveillance, and we do not yet know how it performs for individual assessment.Conclusions ASQ-3 and CREDI are most promising for use at the 2–2½-year review. However, we lack UK-based validation and norming studies, even for ASQ-3. Ultimately, careful implementation and integration into existing systems will determine a tool’s value for identifying developmental needs, supporting families and producing high quality data for public health surveillance.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Joanna Lysons"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Rocio Mendez Pineda"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "RREAL: Rapid Research, Evaluation and Appraisal Lab, University College London, London, England, UK"
      ],
      "name": "German Alarcon"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Maria Raisa Jessica Aquino"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Hannah Cann"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Children and Families Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, England, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Diane Stoianov"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Centre for Child, Adolescent and Family Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Pasco Fearon"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Centre for Health Services studies, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Sally Kendall"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Nursing and Midwifery, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Jennifer Kirman"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Women and Children’s Health, University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Melissa Gladstone"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Jenny Woodman"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Measuring child development at the 2–2½-year health and development review in England: a rapid scoping review of available tools",
  "uid": "3ecb5a1a-2e77-5337-b256-49984cb20834"
}