{
  "abstract": "Objective Although obstetrics and gynaecology (O&G) is a predominantly female specialty, previous studies have suggested that women remain under-represented in academic authorship. This study evaluates trends in female and male first and last authorship in six leading O&G journals ( Human Reproduction Update, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology and Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology) between January 2013 and December 2023.Methods A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Web of Science database. The gender of the first and last authors was determined using Genderize.io, with a probability threshold of ≥75% for classification. Binary logistic regression was performed to model the probability of authorship by gender across journals.Results Among 57 310 publications, 38 455 first (43.8% male and 56.2% female) and 38 950 last authors (58.6% male and 41.4% female) were identified and analysed. Over the past decade, female authorship has shown a clear upward trend, with first authorship increasing from 43% (1141/2636) in 2013 to 69% (2769/4036) in 2023, and last authorship increasing from 29% (770/2700) to 54% (2180/4047). First authorship was statistically more likely to be held by women in Human Reproduction Update (1.23, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.48), American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology (1.63, 95% CI 1.58 to 1.70) and Obstetrics & Gynecology (2.33, 95% CI 2.22 to 2.45). However, female last authorship was significantly more likely only in Obstetrics & Gynecology (1.21, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.27).Conclusion Despite an increasing trend in female representation in first and last authorships over the past decade, a significant gender disparity persists. While women now constitute the majority of first authors, last authorship remains disproportionately male, reflecting ongoing barriers to female leadership in O&G research. These findings highlight the need for targeted institutional efforts to promote gender equity in academic medicine.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of General Surgery, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Foundation Trust, Maidstone, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Stergios Bobotis"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, King’s College Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Dimitra Stathi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of General Surgery, Kingston and Richmond NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Emmanouil Verigos"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of General Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Georgios Geropoulos"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Elisavet Arsenaki"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Maria Paraskevaidi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Menelaos Tzafetas"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Imperial College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Anita Mitra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Maria Kyrgiou"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK",
        "Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Konstantinos S Kechagias"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Gender dynamics in authorship of scientific publications in obstetrics and gynaecology: a 10-year bibliometric analysis of six high-impact journals",
  "uid": "7d94af56-9829-5169-b059-60a3ce77b72b"
}