{
  "abstract": "Objectives Does a simulation-based training intervention with an artificial intelligence (AI) navigation system improve their clinical bronchoscopy performance? And can the AIs outcome measures be used to evaluate clinical performance?Design Pre–postintervention study.Setting Odense University Hospital of Southern Denmark, pulmonary endoscopy suite.Participants Nine bronchoscopists (4 experienced, >500 bronchoscopies and 5 intermediates, 10–500 bronchoscopies).Primary outcome measures Diagnostic completeness (DC), structured progress (SP), procedure time (PT) and procedure efficiency (DC/PT).Results The primary outcome measures showed no statistically significant difference between the pre- and postintervention bronchoscopies DC: 53% versus 59%, p=0.16, SP: 29% versus 32%, p=0.35 and PT: 219 s versus 181 s, p=0.22. The experienced outperformed the intermediates regarding DC: 73% versus 43%, p<0.001, SP: 47% versus 13%, p<0.001 and procedure efficiency: 533 s/full inspection versus 274 s/full inspection, p<0.001 but not on PT: 189 s versus 208 s, p=0.53).Conclusions DC, SP and PT showed no statistically significant difference after a simulation-based training intervention. DC, SP and procedure efficiency differentiated between experienced and intermediate bronchoscopists and can be used to evaluate clinical bronchoscopy performance.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Kristoffer M Cold"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Arman Arshad"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark",
        "Research Unit of Medical Education, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Christian Kildegaard"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark",
        "Research Unit of Medical Education, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Christian B Laursen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark",
        "Research Unit of Medical Education, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Lars Konge"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Research Unit of Medical Education, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark",
        "Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Svendbord, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Anders B Nielsen"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Simulation-based training intervention using artificial intelligence to improve clinical bronchoscopy performance: a pre–postintervention study",
  "uid": "9a8911d1-d60e-57ea-b385-05c34dbad95a"
}