{
  "abstract": "Objectives To examine the effects of 12 weeks group-based peer-led aquatic high-intensity interval training (AHIIT) compared with aquatic moderate continuous training (AMICT) on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs).Design A single-blind, parallel-group, randomised trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio.Setting Community-based setting.Participants 89 participants (mean age 62 (SD 13) years) with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases, including hip and knee osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis, were randomly allocated to an AHIIT (n=44) or an AMICT (n=45) group.Interventions The intervention consisted of AHIIT (four intervals of 4 min at high intensity, Borg scale 14–18) or AMICT (Borg scale 12–13), conducted twice weekly for 12 weeks.Main outcome measures Outcomes included disease activity (measured by the Patient Global Assessment), fatigue, pain and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), measured by the EQ-5D utility index (five-dimensional health status measure) and EQ VAS (self-rated overall health scale) for overall health, physical and social activities. All outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. To compare the overall benefit of these interventions, QALYs were estimated based on HRQoL. Linear mixed models for repeated measures were used to estimate the mean difference (95% CI) in outcomes.Results No statistically significant differences between the groups were found in any outcomes at either three or 6 months (p>0.05).Conclusion No difference between the groups was found on PROMs and QALYs. Future research should include larger sample sizes and a non-exercising control group to better determine the efficacy of AHIIT and clarify the role of exercise intensity in symptom management.Trial registration number NCT05209802.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Heidi Bunæs-Næss"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo, Norway",
        "Division of Medicine, Department of Clinical Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Birgitta Blakstad Nilsson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Linda Aimée Hartford Kvæl"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne Pty Ltd, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia",
        "Hydro Functional Fitness, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne VCCC, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Sophie E Heywood"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Health Economics, Oslo University Hospital Clinical Trials Unit, Oslo, Oslo, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Romée BTW Gerritsen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Kristi Elisabeth Heiberg"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Effects of aquatic high-intensity interval training on patient-reported outcome measures and quality-adjusted life-years in adults with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a secondary analysis of the AquaHigh randomised controlled trial",
  "uid": "c8439362-1cdf-58d9-a2d5-894efa3d4d97"
}